in the Lower Hudson Valley. 
29 
termined ; but at Riverdale, where, unless otherwise stated, the 
following observations were taken, the Carolinian Fauna is well 
represented by the regular occurrence of such characteristic species 
as Helmitherus vermivorus, Helminthophaga pinus, Icteria wrens , 
Myiodioctes mitratus, Stelgidopteryx serripennis , and Empidonax 
acadicus, and the occasional occurrence of other equally character- 
istic Carolinian forms, notices of which follow. 
Mimus polyglottis. Mocking-Bird. An individual of this species 
was seen on October 28, 1877, and on November 21, of the same year, a 
specimen was shot from a fence by the roadside, by a friend, and kindly 
presented to me. The bird had been observed near the same place on 
the previous day feeding on the berries of a cedar ( Juniperus virginiana ). 
It proved to be a female, and was in good condition, the stomach contain- 
ing cedar berries, and also those of the common poke or pigeon berry 
(Phytolacca ). I am aware of two specimens having been seen in the Cen- 
tral Park within the last few years, probably wild birds ; and two have 
recently been killed on Long Island by Newbold T. Lawrence.* 
Lophophanes bicolor. Tufted Titmouse. On November 29, 1874, 
one of these birds appeared in a certain piece of open woodland in the 
vicinity, and for several weeks thereafter was occasionally noticed about 
the same spot, and without doubt remained during the winter, as I am 
almost certain of having heard it in January, and the following March it 
was often seen or heard about the same woods, being then in full song. 
It disappeared after March 28. Mr. Geo. N. Lawrence informs me that 
some years ago, late in the fall, he noticed a number of these birds near 
Williams Bridge, but a few miles from Riverdale. 
Thryothorus ludovicianus. Carolina Wren. A specimen was 
taken in the late fall several years ago by Mr. W. E. Babcock, on a par- 
tially wooded slope extending toward the river shore. Two instances of 
its occurrence on Manhattan Island are recorded by Mr. Lawrence, t and De 
Kay (p. 55) speaks of having had specimens from Westchester and Rock- 
land Counties, taken as late as the middle of December. 
Helmitherus vermivorus. Worm-eating Warbler. This species 
is not uncommon during the summer, usually arriving the second week in 
May (May 2, this year) ; and, in 1876, I knew of at least five pairs that 
reared their broods in the immediate vicinity. In the previous year I 
secured a nest with complement of five eggs, partially incubated on J une 
13, and have found young birds able to fly on the 27th of the same 
month. In very young birds, scarcely able to fly, the olive of the adult 
is only apparent on the remiges, the remainder of the plumage being of a 
* Forest and Stream, Yol. X, No. 13, p. 235, May 2, 1878. 
t A Catalogue of the Birds observed in the Vicinity of New York. By Geo. 
N. Lawrence. 1866, p. 283. 
