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PARK AND CEMETERY. 
thrust upon our unheeding vision. 
Any layman may become a client of 
a landscape architect, or he may be 
called on for advice by friends or he 
may become a park commissioner or 
at least he will be one of a large pub- 
lic deeply interested in knowing 
whether its parks are done well or 
ill. The works of the architect of 
It is a most unfortunate thing that 
the well meant “systems” of bot- 
anists should find their way on to 
the ground and stereotype the con- 
fusion of the books. To be sure the 
confusion is confined so far to com- 
paratively limited areas — herbaceous 
grounds chiefly — and the few hap- 
hazard arboretums. But it is high 
time that botanists agree upon a 
series of groups applicable in their 
representation to all fertile regions 
of the earth. 
They will vary in size and other 
features, and such as the Saururus 
may be the only growable genus at 
the north. 
It is useless to ask the average 
park commissioner or other repre- 
sentative of the people about them. 
They haven’t got beyond the A. B. 
C. arrangement so far. Consequent- 
ly as they have been the obvious in- 
structors, the people know something 
less than they, as to the relation- 
ships of plants. 
I think, however, everybod 3 ^ be- 
yond infancy knows a rose. 
They may not know, however, that 
there are from 550 to 600 distinct 
species of wild single roses, all na- 
tives of the Northern Hemisphere, 
and that these vary so greatly with 
locality that scarcely any two bot- 
anists agree about them. And there 
is great confusion even among limited 
species. 
Take for instance the “Scotch” or 
“Burnet” roses, which have a wide 
distribution in Europe and Asia, and 
include the “Persian yellow” and 
“Harrison’s yellow” (as well as the 
single and double reds and whites), 
and are called Rosa spinossisima 
lutea, S. lutea-fiore-pleno, etc. Nearly 
all authorities, such as Nicholson 
and later Bailey, confound them with 
the “Austrian briar” Rosa lutea. Mil- 
ler, quite a different thing. 
But the perplexities as to species 
and their varieties are as nothing to 
the inextricable confusion which 
(from a botanical point of view) has 
resulted from the work of the Hy- 
the building or the landscape are 
among the common things around us, 
and are themselves made of the com- 
mon things around us; and it is but 
reasonable that we all who live among 
them and for whom they exist should 
have some understanding of why and 
how they are. 
Harocd a. Caparn. 
bridizers, mostly French and British; 
“Wizards,” whose work the Carnegie 
Institute cannot hope to catch up to. 
There are uncounted thousands of 
hybrid roses between species, and 
these have been crossed and recrossed 
until it is often impossible to trace 
their parentage. Some fine hybrids 
have been raised in America, such as 
the Climbers, hybrids of Rosa Wichu- 
raiana, now offered by most nurser- 
ies here and in Europe. And so it 
goes. There are many hundreds of 
“Wizards.” The rose fancier, no mat- 
ter how wealthy, or how extensive 
his correspondence and facilities, can- 
not collect all the roses in a lifetime. 
The small lot owner will not at- 
tempt anything of the kind. 
Let him confine himself to a given 
type of roses for distinction; single 
or double, as the case may be. 
There is no great range of primary 
colors among roses; reds and yellows, 
with green, and white roses exhaust 
the list, but the various shades of 
these colors are as innumerable as 
they are indescribable. There are the 
deepest crimson-reds, maroons, ma- 
gentas, rosy-pinks, silvery-pinks, 
flesh-pinks, pearly-pinks, golden yel- 
lows, ruddy and coppery yellows, 
creamy-yellows, whites of all shapes, 
sizes and habits which can be ex- 
pected in roses, and even a green rose. 
Personally the writer would prefer 
a fragrant rose — a sweet rose — under 
any name. This requirement has been 
lost to man}^ of the most beautifully 
formed and richly colored of the new 
hybrids, and I fancy they carry a 
sense of disappointment, for it has 
become an instinct to carry a rose to 
the nose and expect it to be fragrant, 
and the nearer it approaches the odor 
of the old “centifolia,” the more sat- 
isfactory it will surely be. 
Among the fragrant perfectly hardy 
hybrids there are in reds: Ben Cant, 
Charles Lefebre, Duke of Edinboro, 
Earl Dufferin, Fisher Holmes, Gen- 
eral Jacquimenot, Madame Victor 
Verdier, Marie Baumann, Maurice 
Bernardin, Hugh Dickson, Jubilee and 
Pierre Notting. 
Among the pink hybrids of various 
shades which are more or less fra- 
grant, are Alfred Colomb, Anne de 
Diesbach, Francois Michelon, Helen 
Keller, Madame Gabriel Luizet, 
Magna Charta, Mrs. John Laing and 
Paul Neyron. 
The newer white or whitish hy- 
brids are rarely fragrant, but Frau 
Karl Druschki is hardy, strong, with 
pure white long pointed buds. For 
scent in whites of fine form, however, 
reliance must be had on the teas or 
hybrid teas, such as Kaiserin and 
Bessie Brown, safe only in mild cli- 
mates. Then include Dickson’s new 
“ruddy yellow highly perfumed 
Betty.” 
For a climbing rose where the cold 
is seldom zero and on a west or 
south facing wall, and planted in well 
prepared rich soil, there is nothing 
yet to surpass the fifty-year-old 
Glorie de Dijon. It is quite hardy 
on such a wall. It if often classed 
as a tea rose. It is an abundant 
bloomer, fragrant, and its colors are 
salmon yellow, ivory and rose, in- 
tricately and beautifully blended. 
For a similar position, too, try 
Manda’s “Gardenia.” It gets nipped 
a little in severe winters, but has 
stood for years at Scudders Falls, N. 
J. It has bright yellow buds and 
small white flowers. 
I suppose a word or two ought to 
be said about growing roses. There 
is a Royal Road, and it lies chiefly 
in rich, well rotted manure and well 
rotted sods — from fence rows say — 
which grow on rather retentive loams. 
These mixed together in about the 
proportion of a third or .fourth of ma- 
nure to two-thirds of sod, and turned 
two or three times during a year be- 
fore using, is an ideal rose soil, for 
fine roses require fine feeding. Maybe 
you can't get just the right soil. It 
may be too clayey. Then add a lit 
tie sand. It may be too sandy, theiv 
try by all means to add some stifi 
loam. If you can’t do these things, 
don’t get discouraged, there will still 
be roses, but you will probably have 
.nore to say about those of your more 
fortunate neighbors than your own. 
If you have room for half a dozen 
round beds in grass in full light, dig 
the soil out to 18 inches or two feet 
deep. If any of it is good enough, 
you can compost it, but if not wheel 
it to a dump and fill your bed over- 
full with the good stuff; let it set- 
tle with a rain and plant your roses. 
GROUPING of BOTANICAL GARDENS 
