PARK AND CEMETERY . 
282 
of the very rich, too, will have the 
tin lantern supplanted by one of the 
wrought iron lamps so popular in 
Hungarian cemeteries. Many will 
also be decorated with colored wreaths 
j of beading, enclosing in their center 
, a little bouquet of artificial flowers 
* ... 
inside a casing of glass. In many 
places here friends, coming to .visit 
the graves of their dead, set candles 
burning, either in the lanterns or on 
the grave itself, to be extinguished by 
the breeze, or else by reason of hav- 
ing exhausted the supply of tallow, 
long after the mourners’ departure. 
To an American, funeral corteges in 
these cemeteries are curious affairs, 
being preceded by a boy carrying a 
plate, with a curious cake from which 
each person is helped after the serv- 
ice, then by a lad with a silvered 
crucifl.x, a Greek pope, his black robe 
. trimmed in white, and the open 
hearse being followed by the friends 
and relatives on foot. 
At Gauga, Roumania, one may see 
a typical peasant graveyard of the 
Roumans. Sun-flowers surround this 
cemetery, while the markers at the 
graves are little stones cut to the 
pattern of the clover leaf, but set so 
poorly as to have almost sunk com- 
pletely into the earth. Gipsies have 
cemeteries, too — a little area beyond 
• the encampment where the dead will 
be buried, and a pile of upright reeds, 
such as are used in building home 
and wagon-cover in Roumania, placed 
about the mound to keep off the starv- 
ing, wolfish dogs with which the set- 
tlements of Romany abound. After 
the camp has moved these reed 
piles gradually fall in and decay, when 
■' the grave becomes obliterated so far 
as any token of its presence is con- 
cerned. 
At Sissek, in Croatia, peasant fun- 
erals are marked, at the crowded cem- 
and tombs and sarcophagi!, the latter 
bearing great holes made by the 
Goths in their search for the orna- 
ments of the dead. Tombs of the 
poor, however, were left inviolate, be- 
cause of the lack of sufficient promise 
to recompense for pulling up the great 
slabs that formed the doors, and so 
these remain today almost as they 
were then. The cemetery is one of 
the oldest in all of Europe. 
In the famous cemetery of Buda 
Pest, the IMagyar capital, the ground, 
basically, is covered over with gravel. 
From this base rise the graves — 
mounds possibly six inches high — 
from whose center will rise a second 
hillock to the height of two. or even 
three feet. These mounds are grass- 
covered save for the very top facade, 
where pretty blossoming plants are 
set. Most of the graves will have a 
head-stone of black stone, or of black 
with white applique, on which the in- 
scription is cut. Owing to the i\Iag- 
j^ar custom of placing what with us 
» is the first name last, one is quite 
surprised at the vast number of “fam- 
ilies” of the same name, until the 
enigma is explained. 
At either side of the grave, be the 
familjr ever so poor, will be placed a 
rod of wrought iron, anywhere from 
three to five feet in length, and sup- 
porting a lantern of the same mate- 
rial, but of the style of the old London 
street lamp, and with panes of yellow, 
dark blue or red. On October 1, the 
celebration of a feast corresponding 
to our “All Hallows,” these lanterns 
are lit, and, in addition, on every grave 
dozens of candles will be lighted, so 
that, illumined with these thousands 
of tapers and lanterns, the graveyard 
takes on a festive appearance. 
While a large percentage of the 
closely assembled monuments in the 
cemetery are strangelj^ alike, many of 
etery, by the wailing of the mourners 
in such a tone as to make the unin- 
itiated believe them to be singing, and 
this paen of death is then followed 
up with a general round of intoxica- 
tion. 
iMontenegro’s cemeteries, when not 
among the rocks, take the forms of 
monastery courtyards, especially for 
the nobles and princely family. 
Tombs, with raised covers, make up 
the floor of these courts, while saints 
of the realm are buried inside the 
churches themselves. At Cetigne one 
may see a coffin covered with elegant 
cloth of gold, heavily worked in red 
and blue iris pattern, in which, for 
over two hundred years, one of the 
great folk of Montenegro has been 
buried. Among the rocks, just out- 
side this rnonastery, and overhung by 
grape vines, a tomb of green marble 
contains the remains of a recent king 
of Servia. 
Among the Catholic Albanians of 
Zara, in Dalmatia, two bits of stick, 
joined to form a cross, twisted this 
way and that by the Adriatic winds, 
mingle with the wild shrubbery every- 
where, save only where an occa- 
sional plutocrat may have a plain four- 
square vault, or one less wealthy 
boasts a foot-stone topped with a 
cross of rock. In the latter case, at 
the junction of the arms of the cross, 
a glass case will be hung, and in this 
two photos of the dead are kept. Ar- 
bor-vitaes in long, stately rows 
stretch across the burial place from 
wall to wall, giving it a certain not 
wholly unbeautiful appearance, despite 
its air of neglect. 
. At Salonae, the ruined city de- 
stroyed in the days of Octavius, one 
may visit the early Christian burying- 
ground about the site of a church 
ravaged by the Goths. Everywhere 
on the mountain side are old pillars 
A TOMB IN MONTENEGRO. 
GYPSY CEMETERY IN ROUMANIA. 
1 
