PARK AND CEMETERY . 
29 (; 
diminutive figures of the men seen fust 
l)e 3 ' 0 nd it in the photograph. 
The Fountain of the Dragon shows 
a spirited attack upon the great bronze 
dragon in the center of cupids mounted 
upon swans, while startled dolphins and 
other creatures of the sea are dashing 
about among the combatants. It was 
designed by the brothers Marsy and is 
situated on the terrace just above the 
Bassin de Neptune. 
L’Automne, by Regnaudin, is a type 
of an extensive group of smaller foun- 
tains with subjects taken from Myth- 
ology, the Arts and the Seasons, and 
each of which is the work of one of 
the leading sculptors of the time. Care- 
fully studied with regard to their nat- 
ural surroundings, they form one of the 
most pleasing features of a stroll along 
the shaded walks and through the cool 
vistas of graceful forest trees. 
Among the most striking features of 
the gardens are the bosquets or groves : 
quiet, cool retreats of attractive sylvan 
scenery bounded by heavy masses of 
foliage and finished with appropriate 
groups of sculpture. The most inter- 
esting of these is known as the Bosquet 
of Apollo. It contains a grotto with 
columns suggestive of the palace of 
Thetis, in which is a fine marble group 
of Apollo attended by the Nymphs, the 
work of Girardon and Regnaudin. 
Among the trees on either side of the 
entrance maj' be seen the waiting- 
steeds of the god. This is one of the 
many sculptures in which Louis XIV, 
here represented as Apollo, is honored 
as a divinity ; this being a form of 
adulation quite common among the 
servile courtiers by whom he was sur- 
rounded and by no means displeasing 
to the insatiable egotism of this Most 
Christian King. 
The beautiful little Temple of Love 
with its picturesque setting by the rivulet 
among the grove of trees contains a 
dainty marble Cupid bj' Bouchardon 
and is one of the attractive features in 
the garden of the Petit Trianon. It 
recalls the happy and careless days of 
the ill-fated Marie Antoinette for 
whom this garden had been transformed 
into a marvel of beauty only a few 
years before the dark days of the Re- 
volution ended forever the glories of 
Versailles. 
Closely connected in interest with 
the Royal fountains are the bridges of 
Paris. Le Ponte Alexandre III, the 
largest and handsomest bridge in Paris 
crosses the Seine from the Allee Tri- 
omphale, the splendid open square on 
which face the Grand and Petit Palais. 
The foundation stone was laid in 1896 
by Czar Nicholas II of Russia and it 
was completed four years later. 
Designed by the architects Cassien- 
Bernard and Cousin, working in con- 
junction with the engineers, it has been 
artistically treated in every detail and 
is an excellent example of the applica- 
tion of decorati\-e architecture and 
sculpture to work of this kind. 
It consists of a single span 3,52 feet in 
length and 130 feet in width. The mas- 
sive pylons at each end, 75 feet in height, 
are surmounted by gilded groups by 
Fremiet showing the winged Pegasus of 
mythology led by Fame, which make a 
\ery spirited and effective silhouette 
against the white background of the sky. 
The groups of sculpture facing the ap- 
proaches are the work of Lenoir, Mich- 
el, Coutan and Marqueste and represent 
France at different epochs of history. 
In the middle of the arches are other 
allegorical groups in lironze by Recipon, 
That city, town and village improve- 
ment is needed no one will gainsay. 
Conclusive proof is apparent on every 
hand. This is perhaps more evident in 
the smaller towns than the larger and 
better organized communities. In these 
small towns and villages we ob- 
serve and deplore the badly paved 
streets, the imperfect sidewalks, tele- 
graph wires running destructive riot 
through tree tops, disgracefully unkempt 
and unsanitary vacant lots, trees in 
streets too many or too few, defective 
and dangerous sewage systems, imper- 
fect water supplies, unregulated milk 
supply, water fronts unbeautified, even 
finished with the arms of Paris and St. 
Petersburg to commemorate the visit of 
the Czar, 
Les Cascades at Saint Cloud are one 
of the few imposing remains of the 
magnificent palace and gardens built by 
Louis XIV in 1658 and later the resi- 
dence of the great Napoleon. Designed 
b_v Mansart the famous architect of 
Versailles, they are an example of the 
grand scale upon which decorative Art 
was used to add to the attractions of 
forest scenerra The sculpture is the 
work of Lepautre, the principal group 
representing the rivers Seine and Marne. 
The waters play onl^- on special oc- 
casions when the complicated streams 
leaping and dancing down the marble 
- opes ;ind the great jets around the 
border rising high in the air and falling 
in dazzling spray, produce a splendid ef- 
fect. 
K. C. Kkeutzer. 
worse dumping grounds for refuse. 
These objectionable features appear when 
people congregate in groups for resi- 
dence purposes. But is the country after 
all not in as dire need of suggestions, 
nac', more organization, as the town? 
We may for convenience discuss the 
matter from at least three standpoints. 
First, hygienic ; second, economic : third, 
aesthetic. 
The water system of the cities and 
the sources of water supply receive con- 
siderable attention. How often do the 
well waters of the farm prove to be a 
source of danger and disease. Flow 
often are they found to he polluted by 
THE OA3CADE.S AT SAINT CEOEI). 
RURAL CIVIC IMPROVEMENT 
Paper read before the Canadian Horticultural Association by 
John Craig, Professor of Horticulture at Cornell University 
