399 
PARKLAND CEMETERY. 
MINERAL RUBBER PAVEMENT ON MICHIGAN AVE.. CHICAGO. 
Showing Grainy Surface Finished witii Stone Chips. 
requiring only about eight to ten min- 
utes from the time operations are 
stopped in one place until the machine 
is set in new position and started again. 
The average capacity of one of these 
machines under reasonably favorable 
conditions, is 1,000 square yards of 
pavement two inches thick per da}^ 
though as much as 1,250 square yards 
per machine has been laid in nine hours. 
With this sort of a machine the opera- 
tion becomes a comparatively simple one 
and may be compared to the mixing and 
laying of ordinary concrete. In fact. 
the whole process has been treated from 
tills standpoint. Everything is done on 
the street under the eye of one super- 
intendent. 
The asphalt used has been chosen spe- 
cially with reference to its suitability 
for this kind of pavement. It is a pure 
bitumen, ready fluxed for use, of com- 
parativeljr low melting or flow point, 
but is particularly constant under 
changes of temperature. 
In a paper submitted to this society 
at its 1908 meeting I described some 
pavement that had been laid in the 
South Park system under the name of 
“Mineral Rubber Asphaltic Concrete,” 
which has given entire satisfaction. The 
work done in 1909 is similar in most 
respects, with some changes which have 
been the result of experience and study. 
The ideal pavement of this class 
should have the maximum amount of 
coarse stone in its composition and the 
minimum amount of dust, or no dust 
at all. The omission of dust will give 
it the desired rubbery qualities and in- 
crease the binding quality of the bitu- 
men. 
STREET TREE PLANTING AND BOULEVARD BUILDING 
Paper Read before American Association of Park Superinten- 
dents, by G. Champion, Supt of Parks, Winnipeg, Can. 
We have playgrounds, neighborhood 
and scenic parks, with their connecting 
links of wide boulevards, and yet one 
finds, in most cities, miles of ordi- 
nary residential streets where only spas- 
modic attempts are made to keep the 
space between the curb and private 
property line, in even a presentable con- 
dition, and where any uniformity of 
grading, sodding, or tree planting is 
conspicuous by its absence. 
Miles of streets, unkept, sordid, and 
mean, their untidiness usually reflected 
in the homes with which they are lined. 
There is, to my mind, nothing which 
tends to beautify the general appearance 
of a cit3q to impress its visitors, to add 
to its healthfulness, and to inspire its 
residents with a desire to improve and 
beautify their own homes and surround- 
ings, than that of streets bordered with 
well kept lawns, and uniformly planted 
with clean and healthy trees. 
In many eastern cities, different sys- 
tems of boulevarding, tree planting and 
maintenance are in operation, more or 
less successfully, but in very few is the 
.c^’stem comprehensive or general, and 
it is this point that I particularly wish 
to emphasize, as upon its general ap- 
plication over the entire city depends its 
success. 
This paper is not an academic treatise 
on how to construct a boulevard, or how 
and when to plant street trees, or even 
what trees you should plant, as I think 
these points are usually best determined 
by local conditions, but just a few facts 
about what has been accomplished by 
the park board of Winnipeg, in their ef- 
forts to improve and beautify the general 
appearance of the city streets, in the 
hope that some of the park men present, 
may, on their arrival home, move the 
powers that be, to go and do likewise. 
The term boulevard, as it is generally 
used, denotes a drive or parkway, mar- 
gined with grass and trees, and is usual- 
ly constructed and maintained in its en- 
tirety, by the park authorities, for the 
use of light traffic onh'. 
In Winnipeg, the term is applied to 
the strip of lawn and trees which mar- 
gin every paved street in the city. 
