PARK AND CEMETERY 
81 
within the limits of any public way, shall be deemed public 
shade trees. 
§ 4445- Removal of Shade Trees. — Whoever, other than a 
tree warden or his deputy, desires the cutting or removal, in 
whole or in part, of any public shade tree, may apply to the 
tree warden, who shall give a public hearing at some suitable 
time and place, after duly posting notices of the hearing on 
the public signpost in the town and also upon the said tree; 
but the tree warden may permit such cutting or removal with- 
out such hearing. 
§ 4446. Destruction of Insect Pests. — Towns may annually 
appropriate money to be expended under the direction of the 
tree warden in exterminating insect pests within the limits of 
their public ways and places, and in the removal from said 
public ways and places of all trees and plants upon which 
such pests breed ; but where an owner or lessee of real estate 
shall, to the satisfaction of the tree warden, annually exter- 
minate all insect pests upon the trees and other plants within 
the limits of a public way or place abutting on said real 
estate, such trees and plants shall be exempt from the pro- 
visions of this section. 
§ 4447- Penalties. — Every person who affixes to a tree in a 
public way or place a playbill, picture, notice, advertisement, 
or other thing, whether in writing or otherwise, or cuts, 
paints, or marks such tree, except for the purpose of protect- 
ing it and under a written permit from a tree warden, shall be 
fined not more than fifty dollars. Every person who wilfully 
injures or defaces an ornamental or shade tree within the lim- 
its of a public way or place shall be fined not more than one 
hundred dollars. 
§ 4448. State Forester. — The board of control of the Con- 
necticut agricultural experiment station shall appoint a state 
forester to hold office during the pleasure of the board ; he 
shall have an office at the experiment station, but shall receive 
no compensation other than his regular salary as a member 
of the station staff. 
§ 4449. Purchase and Care of Land. — The state forester 
may buy land in the state suitable for the growth of oak, 
pine, or chestnut lumber, at a price not exceeding four dollars 
per acre, to the amount of the appropriation for that purpose, 
which shall be deeded to the state and shall be called a state 
park. He may plant such lands with seed or seedlings of 
such trees as he may deem expedient, at a cost not exceeding 
two and one-half dollars an acre ; exchange the lands so 
bought with adjoining proprietors, and for and in behalf of 
the state execute deeds for such purpose ; fence said lands 
with substantial wire fencing, not barbed ; protect said lands 
from forest fires and trespassers; preserve the game, fish, 
and timber thereon ; and may employ such local assistants 
as may be necessary. He shall be the custodian of such lands 
and shall pay from the sum biennially appropriated the town 
taxes upon said land when assessed at the same rate as sim- 
ilar adjoining lands, and, with the approval of the governor 
and the attorney-general, may sell portions of the same when 
they shall command a greater price than cost and interest 
thereon, and may execute a deed thereof, for and in behalf of 
the state. 
§ 4450. Disbursements of State Forester. — The disburse- 
ments of the forester shall be paid by the- comptroller upon 
the audit of the state board of control. 
Some Eittle-Known Native Ornamentals —VIII. 
By Wilfred A. Brotfierton. 
Some Lilies of tKe Sub-genus Isolirion. 
Paradoxical as it may seem, many of the genera 
of plants whose names are the most familiar to the 
general mass of humanity, are, after all, among the 
least known of genera. This is emphatically true 
of the following genera: Rosa (Roses), Crataegus 
(Thornapples), Rubus (Blackberries and Raspber- 
ries), Fragaria (Strawberry), Aster, and Lilium 
(Lilies). 
When I meet with one who brags about what he 
knows about the species of these genera, I always 
mark him down as an ignoramus. I have studied 
these genera some forty years, and the more I study 
them the more knotty problems I strike. The truth 
of the matter is that the species are not half eluci- 
dated as yet, and tremendous confusion exists re- 
garding all these genera. The Genus Lilium (Lilies) 
contains not less than 70 species, and probably the 
number exceeds 80 species, for large numbers are 
being discovered in the central portions of Asia, 
and more may even be discovered in Europe and 
America. Without doubt, further study will dem- 
onstrate that some, now classed as varieties, are in 
realty distinct species. This great genus naturally 
resolves itself into six subgenera, in each of whicli 
I give names of two representative species. 
1. Subgenus Eulirion — longiflorum, candidum. 
2. Subgenus Isolirion — umbellatum, elegans. 
3. Subgenus Arcblirion — tigrinum, auratum. 
4. Subgenus Martagon — martagon, superbum. 
5. Subgenus Psuedomartagon — Grayi, Canadense. 
6. Subgenus Cardiocrium — Cordifolium, giganteum. 
The Subgenus Isolirion is one of the most puz- 
zling. It has the following general characteristics ; 
Flowers solitary or umbellate, erect ; perianth 
spreading ; perianth segments spreading, recurved only 
in the extended flower, never revolute, stamens di- 
verging from the erect, straight style. Four or five 
species of this group are natives of United States, 
the balance Europe and Asiatic, some long in culti- 
vation, our native species little known. 
Native Species. 
Lilium Philidelphicum L. Philadelphia Lily. 
Eastern Red Lily. 
Bulb one inch or less in diameter, composed of 
narrow, jointed fleshy scales, annual, a new one form- 
ing each year ; stem slender, two or three feet tall ; 
leaves lanceolate, acute at both ends, lower some- 
times obtuse, verticillate in 3’s to 8’s, a few some- 
times alternate, thin, with finely roughened margins; 
flowers 1-5, erect, 2)4 to 4 inches high; perianth 
k 
