136 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
southernmost part of our range, say from Princeton, 
N. J., southward, but there is a week’s difference l)e- 
tween this point and New York, where they fre- 
quently carry over to June. The double form usually 
flowers during early June in the middle Delaware 
valley. So planters will be guided by locality when 
planting for spring or for early summer flowering. 
They are beautiful trees, but apt to become rusty in 
foliage later in the season. A. carnea, the scarlet hor.se 
chestnut is a superb smaller sized tree than the ordi- 
nary form, it varies in size, however, and in the color 
of the flowers — some like atropurpurea being deeper 
than others. The same differences as to locality will 
determine the flowering seasons of other species and 
varieties, such as the forms of Aisculus flava and Ae. 
pavia. James MacPiierson. 
WHITEi FRINGE (CHIONANTHUS VIRGINICA).; 
One of the most useful shrubs for ornamental 
planting is the white fringe. Chionanthus Virginica. 
To many persons it is a great delight to see this shrub 
in flower in spring. It is not so early flowering as 
some other shrubs, as it is in the class in which are 
several late pushing trees and shrubs, coming into leaf 
after nearly every otlier kind is in full leaf. The 
catalpa, Pawlonia and ash are of this class, as well as 
our white fringe. When it does expand its leaves, its 
flowers come with them. They are in drooping 
racemes, white and resemble the fabric white fringe 
so closely that its common name, white fringe, is well 
bestowed. 
The white fringe belongs to a class in which some 
of the flowers are fertile and some not. The flowers on 
the male shrubs are rather more handsome than those 
on the female, I think ; still the latter is to be preferred 
because of the handsome display made by the bunches 
of seeds later on. The illustration is of a specinien 
unusually full of fruit. It is so full that the branches 
are weighted down with them, as will be seen. As 
the berries are as large as Hamburg grapes and hang 
in long but loose bunches and are black in color, the 
bush is exceedingly ornamental in late summer and 
autumn, when the berries are ripe. 
Inside the pulp is a stone, white in color, not unlike 
that of a small plum, excepting that it is round. 
The foliage of the white fringe is large, and alto- 
gether it is one of the shrubs all landscape gardeners 
want whenever it is handy. And as to its hardiness it 
should be able to stand the cold in all the states save 
those of the very coldest. It is a native of Pennsyl- 
vania, along its southern border, and is to he found 
also in New Jersey, Delaware and farther south. It is 
found wild almost to the Philadelphia line. 
The home of the white fringe is in damp ground, 
and this situation it prefers, but it does not require 
this. The specimen illustrated is in ordinary soil, not 
unduly moist for the food of the usual trees and 
shrubs on a private place, and it is doing well. 
The Chionanthus \drginica is easily raised from 
seeds. They require washing free of pulp, and to be 
sown at once in the fall, but it is oftener the rule than 
not that they lie a whole year before showing signs of 
growing. Joseph Meeh.an. 
