PARK AND CEMETERY. 
evidently preferring limy soils. Grows 5 to 8 inches 
high. Certainly this plant would appear very pretty 
planted very closely together, exclusively alone. 
Anemonella thalictroides, Rue anemone. I place 
this with the next species because they much resemble 
each other although very distinct. Anemonella thalic- 
troides grows about 1 foot high, 1 or more stems from a 
fibro tuberous root, with leaves resembling the Colum- 
bine (aquilegia) and leafy umbels of 5 to 10 purplish 
floweis, or pure white, some of them 1 inch wide. 
Grows on dryer soils than the next usually in shady 
places, often on hill sides, and the larger flowers appear 
from May 15th to June 1st fully 10 days later than the 
next. Very pretty when in masses. 
Isopyrum biternatum, False Rue Anemone. In 
every way much more delicate than the preceding 
though much like it. Flowers in April and early May 
pure white, solitary, borne on the branches of the stem, 
smaller than those of anemonella thalictroides. This 
handsome wild flower literally covers some of our for- 
ests, with Claytonias, Dicentras, etc., presenting a very 
beautiful appearance. As pretty as is anemonella thal- 
ictroides we think this is much prettier. Root fibro- 
tuberous like the last. As this foliage and flowers are 
both handsome it is recommended for extensive plant- 
ing. Rich moist woods. 
Podophyllum Peltatum, American Mandrake. An- 
other improper name, as the true Mandrake is Atropha 
Mandragora of Asia, a nightshade, a member of not 
only a different genus and different order but also of a 
different class of flowering plants, another proof of the 
general unreliability of “common English” names. This 
flower is rapidly becoming very popular, particularly as 
a cut flower, and is certainly a very interesting plant. 
Were it not so abundant here in Michigan we would 
esteem it far more than we do, even as it is, no wild 
flower is preferred to this for making bouquets, wreaths, 
or for all uses of a first-class florists’ flower. The young 
plants send up a solitary leaf, 1 foot or mo-e wide, ex- 
actly peltate (shield-shaped) the stem attached exactly 
in the centre of the 7 to 9 lobed beautifully symmetrical 
leaf. The flowering stems arise 1 or 2 feet bearing 2 
irregularly peltate deeply lobed leaves and a single large 
(ij4 inches wide) pure white vase-like flower, to some 
extremely fragrant, to others of a most disagreeable 
odor, strikingly illustrating the fact that tastes differ. 
The flowers are of great use to the florist, and will yet 
be greatly prized by them for cut flowers. These are 
followed by oblong fragrant fruits to 3 inches long 
1 inch thick, when ripe to some very pleasant and 
agreeable, to others extremely disgusting causing severe 
illness if eaten — a sort of cholera morbus like sickness. 
As the plants grow, the leaves hide the flowers so they 
do not appear conspicuous, but certainly growing as it 
does in our forests this plant contributes vastly toward 
beautifying our natural landscape. The stems arise 
abruptly from long creeping thick rhizomes, much used 
as a medicine. The flowers appear from May 15th to 
June 10th, and the fruit ripens the last of July or first of 
August. The stem entirely decays above ground the 
latter part of August and very soon not a vestige of the 
plant appears above ground. But it is so abundant that 
the roots are easily found. Shades, high or low soil, 
generally a sandy loam. 
Ranunculus fascicularis, Early Buttercup. This 
handsome little flower decorates our steep high, dry 
clay or sand hills from April 15 to May 15, its brilliant 
handsome flowers, often semi-double, occasionally full 
double when seen growing wild, thus promising to be- 
come fully double in cultivation. Grows 3 to 8 inches 
high with hairy divided leaves most of which with the 
stems arise from a fibro-tuberous root. Grows just 
where many plants fail to grow on steep dry sunny hills, 
also on level dry sandy lands. Dies down about June 
1 st, but this plant as well as Isopyrum biternatum has 
the habit of sending up leaves to the surface in October. 
Worthy of extensive planting. 
Sanguinaria Canadensis, Blood root. This is one 
of our most beautiful wild flowers, and with such as Bi- 
cucularis, Dicentras, Erythroniums and Trilliums, we 
would recommend to every flower lover, as all will give 
excellent satisfaction in cultivation. Of course they 
also rank as among the best for parks and cemeteries, 
yet some of these herein described are better for the 
park than for the flower garden. Sanguinaria Canaden- 
sis has large thick rhizomes containing abundant blood- 
like juice, from which arise beautiful, round, several 
lobed, glaucous (sea green) leaves, and pure white wax- 
like flowers 1 to ij£ inches square, the only flower I 
know that is of a square outline, usually very many 
flowers opening at once. Late in April and early May, 
decaying in June or July. Grows usually in shades, 
level or hillsides in rich sandy loam, in places that be- 
come very dry in summer. Soil, rich sandy loam or 
leaf-mold. Though not very lasting, good for cut 
flowers. Worthy extensile planting. 
Trientalis Americnaa, Star flower. A beautiful 
little plant 6 inches to 1 foot, bearing a whorl of 6 to 8 
lanceolate bright green leaves and several pure white 
flowers like 7-pointed stars. Late in May. Grows in 
moss or rich moist soils. Not recommended for gen- 
eral planting or for a plant making much show, but nev- 
ertheless it is a dainty little flower that many like and 
appreciate. Find massed in some cool moist shady 
nook. Decays in August. Root a small tuber. 
Trillium cerunnus, Nodding Trillium. This spec- 
ies does not make the conspicuous show that Trillium 
grandiflorum does, but is a dainty modest little gem. 
Grows about 1 foot high with drooping pure white 
flowers with pink stamens, followed by a large berry 
like red capsule, very handsome indeed. Flowers later 
in April and early May. Decays in June. Just the 
plant for some quiet or retired nook. Moiset, rich 
shades. 
Trillium erectum, Beth Flower. A large and 
beautiful Trillium, 1 or 2 feet high with 3 large broad 
leaves and a large dusky flower, very strong smelling, 
filled by large red fleshy fruit. The color of the flower 
is a very uncommon one, and it is well worthy of a 
place in any kind of ornamental gardening. Grows in 
rich shady swamps. Flowers in early May, and plants 
die down in July. Has several varieties. Variety pen- 
