146 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
less than eighteen inches in length and two inches in thickness; 
inscriptions must be on the top. 
* * * 
No gravestone or mark can be set in a socket or with a 
dowel. Granite is recommended as the best and most durable 
material for grave marks and monuments. Limestone, sand- 
stone and soapstone are considered unfit for such purpose arid 
will not be permitted. 
* * * 
Soliciting work in ihe cemetery, placing business cards on 
lots, or having name of contractors on monumental work which 
was erected by them, is strictly prohibited. 
* * * 
The Lake View Cemetery Association, Bridge- 
port, Conn., includes in its pamphlet a very com- 
prehensive price list for the various kinds of work 
required in a cemetery. This is a good feature, 
which should be more general. The following ex- 
tract concerning graves and lot inclosures carries 
with it no chance of equivocation: 
All lot inclosures of any kind whatever are prohibited. No 
foot stones allowed, no fence, hedge, railing or coping will be 
allowed. No corner stone or post will be allowed in the future, 
except those which the association will provide. All graves will 
be turfed level with the ground where there are headstones or 
markers unless otherwise ordered. 
SOME COMMERCIAL WOODS OF AUSTRALIA. 
Foremost among the natural products of Western 
Australia is timber, which is fast becoming a source of 
great wealth to the colony. It is estimated that the for- 
ests of karri and jarrah are practically inexhaustible, 
and J. Ednie Brown, the Conservator of Forests, fixes 
the marketable value of the timber now matured in 
Western Australia, after a liberal deduction of one-third 
for waste in sawing, at the magnificent total of $620,- 
000,000. In other words, the forest resources of West- 
ern Australia cover the present public indebtedness, as 
well as the present sum of $35, 000, 000 about to be 
raised by the colony for public purposes, more than 
eleven times over. Practically, all the timber is located 
in the southwest division of the colony, and is in most 
cases comparatively close to ports of shipment. The 
karri tree is the giant tree of Western Australia. An av- 
erage tree may be reckoned at 200 feet in height and 
four feet in diameter at three to four feet from the 
ground, and about one hundred and fifty feet to the first 
branch. Trees of this size, according to the Sketch of 
London, are generally sound in every respect, and may 
be expected to turn out timber free from dry rot, gum 
veins, etc., to which large trees are usually subject. 
The king karri has attained the height of 300 feet, 
and 180 feet to the first limb, with a circumference of 
twenty and thirty feet at the base. One tree has yielded 
nearly six thousand cubic feet of timber; karri is harder 
and heavier than jarrah, and, therefore, for a certain 
class of work, is more durable and is to be preferred. 
Jarrah, on the other hand, is especially suitable for sub- 
marine structures, such as jetties and wharves, as it re. 
sists the ravages of the teredo nevalis,or sea worm. For 
railway lies, the upper parts of bridges, and espe- 
cially roadmaking — for which last purpose it is now be- 
ing extensively employed in London and other cities— 
karri is invaluable. 
The various timber stations of Messrs. C. and E. 
Millar have their own lines of railway, and the industry 
is being developed in a very enterprising manner. It is, 
however, still capable of considerable extension, and no 
doubt as the merits of the two principal hardwoods of 
the colony become known theyjwill be very generally 
utilized. At the present time there are no less_than two 
thousand men employed in connection withjthe various 
sawmills in Western Australia, and with their wives and 
families there are something like five thousand souls in 
the colony connected with or depending upon the lum- 
ber industry. It is estimated that 'the capital repre- 
sented in the colony by the various sawmills, "their rail- 
ways, tramways, jetties, locomotive engines, trucks, 
wagons, live stock and buildings is not far short of $5,- 
000,000. 
With especial regard to the use of karri and jarrah 
for road paving purposes it is interesting to learn that 
these colonial hardwoods are now largely superseding 
such materials as asphalt and softwood. Mr. g C. Gibson 
Millar, one of the principal forest-owners in Western 
Australia, is now in London, and that gentleman has re- 
cently stated that it is quite impossible at the present 
time for his sawmills of Western Australia to keep pace 
with the current demands. His mills, which turn out 
something like 40,000 loads of karri, not to mention 
jarrah, per annum, are working day and night, and the 
machinery is being duplicated with the least possible 
delay. Meanwhile orders are arriving for the timber 
from several of the London vestries, as well as from 
Paris, New York and other parts of the world. The 
special qualities of karri and jarrah which recommend 
them for road paving are their remarkable toughness 
and durability, and in the opinion of authorities they 
are much to be preferred to softwood or pine on sani- 
tary grounds, being also non-absorbent. 
But not only are karri and jarrah most useful tim- 
bers for street paving. Experience goes to show that 
they are quite invaluable for railway construction and 
equipment. They are practically imperishable, and will 
neither rot in the g-ound nor yield to the ravages of 
the white ant and other destructive insects. Owing to 
these qualities it is not necessary to creosote karri or 
jarrah sleepers, and the chairs for the rails do not re- 
quire so broad a base as in the case of softwood sleep- 
ers. lor bridge planking, shafts, spokes, felloes and 
large planking of any sort, general wagon work and 
beams there are few timbers which equal the Western 
Australian karri and jarrah. 
Among the authorities who have reported with great 
favor on the usefulness of karri are M. A. Petsche, Mu- 
nicipal Engineer of the City'of Paris, and mosfof "the 
leading engineers and surveyors of the London vestries. 
M. Petsche places it next to tiek and liem in the mat- 
ters of density and durability, while for economy and 
ease in working he prefers it to either. — Exchange. 
