240 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
GARDEN PLANTS— THEIR GEOGRAPHY— XXXVIII. 
EKICAI.ES. 
TIIE VACCINEUM, ERICA AND EPACRIS ALLIANCE. 
( Continued. ) 
Pyrola , “ wintergreen,” is a genus of low ever- 
green herbs with roundish leaves and spikes of 
greenish white or purplish white flowers. There are 
16 species in North America, Northern and Central 
Asia, and Europe. American botanies describe 
15 species and varieties distributed from Labrador 
to Mexico, the majority spreading across the con- 
tinent and sometimes to Asia. 
Chimaphila, “spotted wintergreen,” has 4 spe- 
cies, two of which appear to be exclusively Amer- 
ican, and another, the “ pipsissewa,” extending to 
Asia and Europe. They have thick, shining, scat- 
tered leaves, and white or purplish, waxy, fragrant 
flowers. They are principally found in the dry 
woods. 
Clethra has 26 species, 2 in North America, 
and the rest in South America, the Madeiras, 
the Malayan Islands, and Japan. C. Alnifolia in 
variety is known as the “ pepperbush,’’ and is a 
good garden shrub with fine foliage and terminal 
racemes of fragrant white flowers. C. accuminata 
of the Alleghanies sometimes becomes a small tree, 
and the racemes of flowers are solitary and nodding. 
C. arborea from Madeira is a beautiful evergreen 
with racemes of 
flowers remind- 
ing one of sprays 
of lily of the val- 
ley. It has dwarf 
and also variegat- 
ed varieties. 
The Monotro- 
peae are a curious 
tribe of root para- 
sites growi ng un- 
der c o n i f erous 
and other trees, 
or sometimes 
they arc parisitic 
on the roots of 
herbs. 
Allotropa v i r- 
gata is a reddish 
or whitish, scaly, 
fleshy herb, with 
a simple stem 
terminated by a 
many-flowered spike of flowers. It is found in 
oak woods in Washington southward to California. 
Sarcodes sanguinea, the “snow plant,” is a stout, 
fleshy herb growing to 6 inches or a foot high, 
covered with reddish scales, terminated by a thick 
CLETHRA ALNIFOLIA. 
spike of flowers accompanied by linear bracts longer 
than the flowers themselves. 
Monoiropa , “Indian pipe,’’ has 1 or 2 species in 
MONOTROPA UNIFLORA. 
North America, Japan and the Himalayas. They 
are corpse-white or tawny fleshy herbs, with clus- 
tering stems growing to 6 inches or so high, and 
terminated by single or clustered flowers. 
Hypopithy s has also one or two species in 
Europe, Asia and North America. In England 
these plants are called “Bird’s nests,’’ and are often 
found in beech woods. They have a primrose or 
violet scent, which they retain when dry. 
Sarcodes, Newberrya, and Pleuricospora are 
other monotypic plants of the tribe found in Cali- 
fornia. 
The two tribes Stypheliecs and llpacrcee are 
abundant in Australasia, as are the heaths in South 
Africa, and it is remarkable that the tribes scarcely 
at all encroach upon each other’s territory. It is 
remarkable, too, that comparatively few of the many 
fine plants allied to the Epacris have found their 
wa> into sub-tropical gardens. It is presumed they 
are well represented in the Australian Botanic Gar- 
dens, but in California, for instance, they seem to 
be scarcely at all grown. Several of the species 
have edible fruit considerably used in the colonies. 
Stypholia is a genus of 1 1 species of Australian 
evergreen shrubs bearing crimson, pink, or greenish 
flowers. 
Astroloma in 18 species found in the cooler 
