PARK AND CEMETERY 
AND 
LANDSCAPE 
GARDENING 
PUBLISHED BY ALLIED ARTS PUBLISHING COMPANY 
R. J. HAIGHT, President 
H. C. WHITAKER, Vice-President and General Manager 
O. H. SAMPLE, Secretary-Treasurer 
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APRIL, 1914 
EDITORIAL 
VOL. XXIV No. 2 
Broadening Service of the Parks 
The account of the season’s work in the South Parks of Chi- 
cago, printed on another page, is worthy of especial study as 
emphasizing in definite, concrete fashion the scope of the work 
embodied in the newer idea of park service to the people. Here 
is detailed the work of a park organization that probably renders 
a wider variety of service than any other in the country and one 
that is generally regarded as a model in the administration of 
those broader park functions that are associated with the service 
and play parks. In this system the administration of the year’s 
work has been reorganized to best provide increased opportuni- 
ties in many directions for the activities of the people, both 
pleasurable and instructive — opportunities which only a few years 
ago were not to be found in any public park. The park of today, 
with its public golf courses, archery grounds, bathing beaches and 
pools, bait-casting pools, tennis courts, ball diamonds, football 
fields, skating ponds, assembly halls, gymnasiums, children’s play- 
grounds, branch libraries and other facilities for recreation, 
amusement and instruction, all furnished at no cost to the users, 
are very different places to maintain and operate from the park 
of a score of years ago, the existence of which had for its chief 
justification the presentation of opportunities to enjoy in a 
recreative way the beautiful in nature, harmoniously placed and 
properly maintained. In the modern parks the attractiveness of 
nature must be provided as heretofore, but under conditions which 
make it much more difficult, as is pointed out in the latest report 
of the South Park Commissioners in the following forcible words: 
“It is this Twentieth Century development of the service ren- 
dered to the people by the parks that brings many new problems 
to park management. Not that any of the activities introduced 
into parks are new creations or require the service of hitherto 
unknown workers, but the amplifications of the service in the 
parks makes necessary a more extended classification of employees. 
The difficulty the management experiences is in uniting the efforts 
of all classes of employes in securing successful results in all 
directions. This means a development of organization, making 
it possible to bring about between gardeners, carpenters, gym- 
nasium and playground supervisors, plumbers, police, machinists, 
painters, roofers, electricians, refectory managers, field-house di- 
rectors, boatmen, teamsters, clerks, construction men, firemen and 
all other classes of employees that co-operation essential to the 
success of the service as a whole.” 
Reorganizing An Old Cemetery 
Probably the most difficult work a cemetery superintendent is 
called upon to do is to reorganize an old cemetery and apply 
modern methods of management to an old-time burying ground 
so as to get efficient results without antagonizing the lot holders 
to a degree that will hamper him in his work. The admirable 
summary of the methods by which this exacting task may be 
accomplished, printed on another page, is full of sound advice 
that cannot fail to prove helpful to any cemetery that is not 
entirely developed on modern lines. As Mr. Rutherford very 
aptly puts it: “Good common sense, mixed with a lot of hard 
work, is the first and principal requirement for the task.” It is 
not an easy matter to make a modern park burial ground out of 
a cemetery that consists principally of high mounds, fences, vines 
and surplus bric-a-brac and glassware from the home, and the 
average lot owner is not so easily persuaded that it is time for a 
change, especially if he has arrived at advanced years. This work 
should be undertaken systematically, a certain portion to be com- 
pleted each season, and it should be carried out with extreme tact 
and caution. The necessity of studying the methods of other 
cemeteries that have solved some of the problems at hand is im- 
portant, and the suggestion is made for the preparation of a hand- 
book classifying the cemeteries and outlining, in tabloid form, the 
distinctive features and conditions of each, so that when in diffi- 
culty over some particular phase of the work the less experienced 
man would know where to turn for advice. 
Editorial Notes 
Receipts from the use of national forest resources were great- 
est in Arizona last year. 
Dr. C. D. Marsh, of the federal bureau of plant industry, is 
delivering a series of illustrated lectures to stockmen in the West 
on the subject of plants poisonous to stock. 
The Biltmore forest school, established in 1898 and therefore 
the oldest forest school in America, has been discontinued. Dr. 
C. A. Schenck, its director, has returned to his home in Germany. 
Canada has a society of forest engineers. Dr. B. E. Fernow, 
of Toronto, is president, and F. W. H. Jacombe, of Ottawa, is 
secretary. 
Of the three Pacific coast states, Oregon and Washington far 
outstrip California in the work done by private owners for forest 
protection. 
Lodgepole pine seed sown broadcast on the snow in southern 
Idaho last spring germinated when the snow melted, and as 
many as sixty little trees were counted to the square foot. The 
summer was so dry, however, that most of the plants died, ex- 
cept where sheltered by brush or logs. 
The tenth successive year without a forest fire has just been 
passed by the Powell national forest in south central Utah. 
Yellow poplar, or tulip tree, the largest broad-leaf tree in 
America, has been known to reach nearly 200 feet in height and 
10 feet in diameter. 
Mistletoe thrives on the western coasts to an extent not ap- 
proached in the east. In many places this parasitic growth is 
responsible, directly or indirectly, for a considerable loss of 
timber. 
The Canadian government is using Indian fire patrolmen to 
protect the forests of northern Manitoba. 
Ghent, Belgium, furnishes practically all of the potted speci- 
mens of the symmetrical Araucaria, or Norfolk island pine, used 
as an ornamental foliage house plant, in Europe and America. 
The United States imports at least 250,000 of these plants in five 
or six-inch pots each year. 
