210 
to bring about a perfectly smooth and uni- 
form surface, in which there was probably 
from 70 to 80 per cent of mineral aggreg- 
gate exposed, which furnished traction for 
horses’ shoes and automobile tires, thus 
eliminating one of the great criticisms of 
this type of pavement. In the other there 
was used a straight bituminous material of 
approximately 60 to 70 penetration, upon 
which a seal coat was used to bring about 
a smooth and compact surface. 
Care should be exercised in determining 
the sizes • of stone for the type of pave- 
ment which is to be constructed. From ex- 
perience, I do not believe it wise to use 
any stone larger than that which will pass 
through a one-inch ring in the construction 
of a pavement upon a cement concrete 
foundation, inasmuch as, in this type of 
pavement, while the load is seemingly car- 
ried upon the surface, it is in reality carried 
directly upon the foundation, and, if stone 
larger than one inch in size is used, there 
will be. a likelihood of the larger stone oc- 
curring directly upon one another, thus 
throwing open the chance of fracture to 
either or both stones by impact from horses’ 
shoes or weight from the tires of heavily 
loaded wagons. 
Another point that does not favor the 
larger stone lies in the fact that sooner or 
later the stone is exposed in the surface in 
its largest diameter, again placing it in a 
position to be fractured by traffic. When 
such fracture occurs, unless the pavement is 
treated from time to time with light ap- 
Mrs. J. C. Means, a sister of Arthur J. 
Graves, superintendent of the Blooming- 
ton, 111., Cemetery and one of the direc- 
tors of that cemetery, was instantly killed 
in an automobile accident June 21. The 
members of the old Illinois Association of 
Cemetery Superintendents knew her. She 
was very well and favorably known, was 
one of the directors of the Civic League, 
ex-regent of the D. A. R., and treasurer 
of the Woman’s Club. 
W. N. Rudd, president Mt. Greenwood 
Cemetery, Chicago, addressed the Chicago 
Association of Commerce last month on 
“Chicago Out of Doors.” He said it had 
been a long time since Chicago had done 
anything big in the way of park develop- 
ment and made a plea for action now while 
desirable land could be had at reasonable 
prices. He strongly urged more small 
parks and universal bathing facilities for 
the masses. At the same meeting, J. C. 
Vaughn, Chicago, president of the National 
Council of Horticulture, made a plea for 
civic beauty in the advancement of busi- 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
plications of bituminous cement, it opens the 
way for moisture to enter the pavement and 
thus destroy the binding quality of the bi- 
tuminous material. 
Where ordinary care has been taken in 
the construction of mixed bituminous pave- 
ments which have come under my obser- 
vation, the results obtained fully warrant 
a continuation of this kind of construction, 
and I believe that the time is not far dis- 
tant when the experimental stages of these 
pavements will be a feature of the past, 
providing explicit specifications are drawn 
to plainly designate the quality of all bi- 
tuminous and other material desired in each 
individual job, and the old practice of 
copying specifications and methods in use 
elsewhere, regardless of local conditions 
such as drainage, sub-base and traffic, is 
discontinued ; and providing we are success- 
ful in properly educating highway en- 
gineers, inspectors, contractors, and the 
forces, both skilled and otherwise, in con- 
nection with the use of all materials that 
enter into the construction of this class of 
paving. And I consider that in the very 
near future there will be little distinction 
between the general specifications that des- 
ignate the construction of highway pave- 
ments and those that designate the con- 
struction of city streets, inasmuch as the 
automobile and automobile truck — which 
are the most dangerous factors ' in the de- 
struction of the average pavement — will 
traverse the city street and the country 
road in equal numbers. 
ness blocks and urged more co-operation 
between architecture and horticulture, to 
attain such a result. It is interesting to 
note in this connection that many of lead- 
ing Chicago banks and business houses are 
adorned with window gardens this sum- 
mer. 
Mayor C. H. Kerr, of Independence, 
Kansas, has been putting forth strenuous 
efforts to beautify Old Mount Hope Ceme- 
tery of that city. The mayor is an inter- 
ested reader of Park & Cemetery and of 
Weed’s Modern Park Cemeteries and is 
making good use of these in his laudable 
undertaking. The cemetery has always 
been operated on the system of individual 
care and Mayor Kerr is trying to place 
it upon a community basis, with each lot 
owner giving the city authorities full pow- 
ers over the care of each lot. An extract 
from a newspaper communication signed 
by the mayor gives a glimpse at the strange 
obstacles that have been thrown in his way: 
“I have mailed hundreds of letters to 
lot owners wherever I could locate them, 
telling them of the condition of their lots 
and asking them to gove the city permission 
to make their lots conform to a general 
plan and have the lots regularly cleaned. I 
enclosed a slip for them to sign, giving the 
city this permission. There was no price 
asked for this service and the permit 
expressly stated that the title to the lot 
was in no way affected by their signing it. 
It seems that a few have misunderstood 
this request and look upon it as an attempt 
on my part to rob them of their property 
rights. Others have seized upon the propo- 
sition as an opportunity to disagree with 
the city officers. I really enjoy having 
such people land on me and unload as it : 
seems to do them so much good to ‘tell 
a mayor where to head in’ that one would 
! 
m 
mmm 
CEHETERY NOTES 
ELLIOT GROVE CEMETERY, BRUNSWICK, MO. 
