PARK AND CEMETERY. 
366 
Edwin E. Coulter ; Superintendent, T. N. 
Campbell ; Landscape Architects, Hare & 
Hare. 
The Board of Directors of the associa- 
tion have considered and carefully com- 
pared the rules and regulations in force 
in leading modern cemeteries of the United 
States, and the aim has been to provide to 
the greatest possible extent for the pref- 
erences of the lot owners, as well as to 
secure the stability of improvements, the 
proper methods of burial and the respect- 
ful observance of the sacredness of the 
place. 
It is conceded by those of authority on 
cemeteries that the park-like appearance 
produced by clean, undulating lawns, 
broken only by serpentine drives, trees and 
shrubs, with the clean-cut lines of the 
monuments showing against the back- 
ground of the foliage, is most beautiful and 
picturesque, and a great improvement over 
the miscellaneous and cut-up appearance of 
the old-time graveyards. 
A most important feature of Highland 
Park Cemetery is the perpetual care given 
to all lots and graves. To insure this a 
Perpetual Care Fund is being created by 
placing aside a percentage of the amount 
received from the sale of lots and single 
graves, the income from which will be 
ample to the care of the cemetery after 
the sale of lots has ceased. 
Following are some extracts from the 
rules governing the cemetery : 
All lots shall be held and used in accordance with 
the By-Laws, Rules and Regulations of the Ceme- 
tery now in force or hereafter adopted, and shall 
not be used for any other purpose than the burial 
of the human dead. 
Lot holders shall not allow interment to be made 
upon their lots for a compensation; nor shall any 
transfer or assignment of any lot or interest there- 
in be valid, without the consent of the corporation 
first had and endorsed upon such transfer or assign- 
ment, and entered on record by the secretary 7 . 
The corners of each lot will be permanently 
marked by the Association. 
No lot or parcel of ground shall be defined by 
any r so-called fence, railing, coping, hedge, embank- 
ment or ditch, or contain any vase, seat, wire- 
work, rock-work, or other architectural object, ex- 
cept as hereinafter specified. 
No lot or grave shall be decorated by its owner, 
or others interested therein, with any tree, shrub, 
flower or plant, or the trees or shrubs disturbed in 
any way without first obtaining the consent of the 
superintendent. This does not, however, include the 
placing of cut flowers on the graves. 
Mounds over graves shall not exceed two and one- 
half inches in height when thoroughly settled. 
No lot shall be filled above the established grade. 
No advertisement of any form will be permitted 
in the cemetery. 
The company reserves the right to remove from 
any lot anything that conflicts wth the Rules and 
Regulations. 
The superintendent has entire charge of the ceme- 
tery 7 , and is authorized to enforce all rules, to main- 
tain order, to overlook all workmen, visitors and 
drivers, to expel those who disregard his orders, to 
inspect and refuse entrance to any or all materials 
when necessary, and to insist on the immediate re- 
moval of all trash and building material as soon 
as buildings are completed. 
No monument or other structure shall be placed 
upon any lot until a design of the same with speci- 
fications, has been submitted to and accepted, and 
the location thereof on the lot approved by 7 the su- 
perintendent. Only 7 one monument will be permitted 
on a platted lot and only' one head tablet for each 
grave. All work of whatever nature, except the 
erection of head tablets and monuments above the 
foundation of private vaults, shall be done by the 
employes of the cemetery. 
The bases of monuments must rest solidly upon 
foundations, no wedging being allowed, and be of the 
same material as the monument. 
Tablets marking individual graves, shall not be 
less than six inches deep and have the upper surface 
set level with the lawn. 
All monuments, grave head tablets or other struc- 
tures above the surface of the ground, shall be con- 
structed of granite or standard bronze, all other ma- 
terial being prohibited. 
No material for monuments, vaults, tombs, or 
other structures shall remain longer on the ground 
than is reasonably necessary for the purpose of con- 
struction. A place will be designated by the super- 
intendent for the deposit of such material. 
Only one marker shall be allowed at a grave; sueb 
markers shall not be less than six inches in thick- 
ness and shall not exceed twenty-four inches in 
width for adult graves, nor sixteen inches in width 
for children’s graves. Markers for single graves 
must be placed at the head of the grave; each mark- 
er shall consist of one piece only. Double mark- 
ers embracing two or more graves will not be al- 
lowed. 
LANDSCAPE FEATURES AT PANAMA EXPOSITION 
In the development and planting of the 
Panama-Pacific International Exposition 
grounds landscape gardening has achieved 
one of its greatest triumphs. To succeed 
in transforming a salt marsh used as a 
city’s dumping ground into a fairyland of 
tropical beauty within a year’s time is an 
achievement of which the landscape engi- 
neers of the exposition feel a just pride. 
John McLaren, Superintendent of San 
Francisco Parks, was appointed landscape 
engineer of the exposition, when the site 
was first selected, and given carte blanche 
to treat the 635 acre strip in any manner 
that he might deem advisable. 
It was first necessary to raise the ground 
above the level of the Bay of San Fran- 
cisco, and in order to accomplish this 
3,100,000 cubic yards of sand were hydrau- 
lically pumped on to it. 
Then arose the question of how to pro- 
cure good soil, that would do for a base 
for the gardens of the exposition. The 
Lbiited States government finally granted 
permission to McLaren to dredge the Sac- 
ramento river at Collinsville, a point sev- 
enty miles away from San Francisco, and 
to transport the rich river-bottom mud to 
the exposition ground on barges. 
This was spread to a depth of from six 
to eight inches over the entire space and 
in comparatively deep holes wherever trees 
were to be planted. 
Noted horticulturists in all parts of the 
world were communicated with, and asked 
to send the best specimens of plants of the 
various countries, with the result that 
there are now several millions of flower- 
ing plants on the exposition grounds rep- 
