154 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
PLANTING AND CARE OF STREET AND 
LAWN TREES 
Synopsis of Stereopticon Lecture at Denver Convenion of A. A. 
P. S., by Secretary J. J. Levisoyi, M. F., of Brooklyn, N. Y. 
By means of a large number of 
lantern slides of park and street trees in 
Brooklyn and in many European cities, 
he showed the various ways in which 
parks are utilized by the citizen and the 
efforts made in Brooklyn towards edu- 
cating the public to a proper apprecia- 
tion of the parks and trees. He indi- 
cated the best trees suitable for street 
and park purposes in the East and 
showed the kind of trees to be avoided 
and the reason for his statements. The 
value of paying special attention to the 
specimen tree and the advantages of 
planting young trees rather than trees 
over 3 or 4 inches in diameter was also 
brought out very clearly by the speaker. 
He laid special emphasis on the im- 
portance of forest or natural parks in 
cities and made a strong point of the 
need of preserving the undergrowth in 
the woodland areas of our parks, and of 
leaving the leaves on the ground. He 
strongly denounced those who make a 
practice of gathering the leaves from 
the wooded areas of our parks every 
Fall and thereby impoverish the soil and 
injure the standing trees. He advocated 
municipal control of all street trees, 
both in the planting of new specimens 
and in the care of those standing, and 
he also urged the establishment of a 
municipal nursery in every city where 
trees are cared for. 
In referring to the care of trees, Mr. 
Levison pointed out the folly of over- 
pruning, which he said was a common 
tendency. He showed contrasting pic- 
tures of streets lined with trees properly 
and improperly pruned and pointed out 
the fundamental principles of the work. 
In the matter of insect eradication, he 
urged the application of insecticides at 
an early date while the insects were still 
young and susceptible to the poison. He 
warned the audience against epidemics 
that are gradually covering extensive 
areas in various sections of the country. 
The hickory bark borer, the Leopard 
moth, the Gypsy and Brown tail moths, 
the Tussock moth and the elm leaf 
beetle were among those in that class. 
In this line of work, as well as in the 
elimination of tree diseases, he showed 
the importance of constant watchful- 
ness and close supervision and pointed 
out the impracticability of allowing any 
of these pests to accumulate. He thought 
the secret of proper maintenance in the 
care of trees lay in the timely atten- 
tion, the same as a good housewife 
would do from day to day. 
On the subject of tree disease he de- 
cried the tendency to try to save, old 
and decrepit trees, that are either full of 
diseases which cannot be eliminated or 
which are so badly distorted or weak- 
ened that they have become unsightly or 
dangerous and no longer an ornament. 
Cavity filling, he thought was only 
justified where disease can be entirely 
eliminated, where the cavity is very 
small and where the filling would serve 
the practical purpose of keeping out 
water. In most cases he thought the 
gouge and chisel, without the use of 
cement would serve the better purpose. 
He referred to the chestnut disease and 
explained the futility of trying to save 
infested trees. Trees killed by this 
disease, he said, should be cut down and 
the wood utilized for poles, posts, ties 
and lumber. 
The speaker also dwelt on the value 
of educating the public and especially I 
the young, in trees and nature generally 
by means of literature, clubs, lectures, 
etc., which he thought was within the 
sphere of the local Forester to promul- 
gate. In this connection he showed the 
importance of having as Forester, a man 
as thoroughly trained in experience as 
can possibly be obtained in the field. 
RAILWAY GARDENING ASSOCIATION CONVENTION 
The seventh annual convention of the 
Railway Gardening Association was 
opened at the assembly room of the Hotel 
Tulane, Nashville, Tenn., on Tuesday 
evening, August 12, at 9 p. m. The open- 
ing address was by President Charles H. 
Tritschler, the address of welcome by 
Hilary E. Howse, mayor of Nashville, and 
the response by C. W. Eichling, of New 
Orleans. 
At the next morning session the roll call 
showed 54 members present. 
The minutes of the 1912 Meeting were 
read and approved, followed' by an inter- 
esting paper by J. A. Byrne, of Relay, 
Md., on “Live Fence.” This paper caused 
considerable discussion, those taking part 
being Messrs. Moulder, Gray, Tritschler, 
Stark, Lehman and Eiohling, and it was 
decided to appoint Mr. Byrne a Committee 
of one to investigate and recommend at 
the 1914 meeting the plant most suitable 
for a live fence or right of way hedge. 
Emil Engleman presented a paper “A 
Study of Injury to Plants by Smoke and 
Their Resistance.” This was one of the 
most interesting and instructive papers and 
was followed by a long discussion. It was 
commended very highly by all present. 
“The Sundial,” by E. F. A. Reinisch, 
Landscape Engineer, Santa Fe, and “Rail- 
road Landscape Gardening in the South,” 
by C. W. Eichling, New Orleans, were in- 
teresting in all of their different phases. 
At 2 p. m. the guests were taken to the 
various City Parks in special cars, pro- 
vided by the Nashville Electric Light and 
Railway Co. 
At the next day’s session the following 
papers were read: 
“Prevention of Slides on Slopes,” by J. 
K. Hutchison, P. & L. E. R. R. Gardener. 
“Grass for Shaded Places,” by George 
D. Lehman, P. R. R. Gardener. 
“What Returns Do Railroads Receive 
from Landscape Gardening”? by R. W. 
Hutchison, Gardener, Pennsylvania Lines 
West. 
“Caring for Trees,” by I. T. Worthley, 
Assistant Forester, P. R. R. 
“To What Extent Should Railroads 
Co-operate With Civic Improvement 
Leagues,” by F. W. Vail, Gardener, Cen- 
tral R. R. of New Jersey. 
“How to Exterminate Dandelion and 
Other Obnoxious Weeds from the Lawn,” 
by Paul Huebner, Gardener, Philadelphia 
& Reading R. R. 
At the last day’s session F. W. Vail, 
Central R. R. of New Jersey, was elected 
President. J. A. Byrne, B. & O. R. R., 
Relay, Md., was elected Vice-President, to 
serve a four-year term. W. F. Hutchi- 
son, was elected Secretary and J. K. Win- 
gert, Cumberland Valley R. R., Chambers- 
burg, Pa., Treasurer. 
A paper “The Appreciation of Railroad 
Gardening as Seen by the Traveler from 
the Car Window,” was read by R. J. Rice, 
Assistant Gardener, Michigan Central R. R. 
"Looking for Something Better,” was the 
title of Mr. G. B. Moulder’s paper. “The 
Propagation of Shrubs and Care of Cut- 
tings During the Winter,” by F. C. Stark, 
Gardener, Pennsylvania Lines West, and 
“Fertilization for Grasses and Shrubbery,” 
by J. K. Wingert, Gardener, Cumberland 
Valley R. R., concluded the reading of the 
papers. 
George B. Moulder, R. W. Plutchison 
and John Giepner were appointed a Com- 
mittee on Revision of By-Laws, New York 
was selected as 1914 Meeting Place, dates 
to be selected by Committee composed of 
FI. S. Moulder, J. K. Wingert and G. S. 
Gray. 
It was voted that all associate members 
in good standing to 1914 Meeting be al- 
lowed free of charge a half page adver- 
tisement in the 1913 Booklet of Proceed- 
ings, and that the advertisements be lim- 
ited to associate members only. 
