PARK AND CEMETERY. 
17 
the drive, walk or border, while at 
the same time, the portion a of the 
blade which lies flat upon the ground 
or driveway, will undercut the strip 
of sod divided by the portion b, and 
undercut it loose from the bottom, 
thus leaving it in such shape that it 
can be easily removed. By moving 
the handle of the implement to a 
middle position, as shown in Fig. 4, 
the tool may be used as a scraper or 
hoe, and the material cut in the first 
instance, removed from the edge of 
the border, ready to be carried away. 
(Patent No. 978,478.) 
Combined Crematorium and Colum- 
barium. 
Adolph Marsch, of Gera-Reuss, 
Germany, has patented under the title 
of “Contrivance for Preserving the 
ashes of Cremated Bodies” a combi- 
nation of a crematorium with a co- 
lumbarium in such a manner that the 
walls which are provided with the 
spaces provided for preserving the 
remains are joined with and support- 
ed by chimneys and ventilation shafts 
of the crematorium. By means of this 
construction the walls can be built 
without special strengthening columns 
to a greater height than would other- 
wise be permissible with regard to 
the strength to resist wind-pressure. 
Furthermore, there is a saving of 
ground as a separate superstructure 
to be used as a columbarium is not 
necessary as its walls are arranged 
radially or in the form of a cross 
around the chimney of the cremato- 
rium and rise directly over the cre- 
mating furnaces which are suitably 
arranged in cellar-like chambers. The 
illustration shows a view of a crema- 
torium constructed in accordance 
with this invention, part being shown 
in elevation and part in vertical sec- 
tion. Apart from the architectural 
features of the improved structure 
there is a saving in the cost of the 
building and in the ground space re- 
quired. The chimneys and ventilating 
shafts which hitherto have been plain- 
ly visible as such now serve the dou- 
ble purpose as they form supports for 
the walls, which, on account of being 
hollow, possess comparatively little 
strength in themselves, thereby enab- 
ling the walls to be erected to a 
height which otherwise could be at- 
tained by employing comparatively 
large and expensive strengthening 
columns. 
The walls (a) are built up between 
the chimneys ( b ) and the ventilation- 
shafts (r). The chambers (f) serve 
as store-rooms while in cells (g) at 
the lower parts of the outer surfaces 
of the walls (a) cinerary urns are 
placed. The walls are provided in the 
well known manner with cells or re- 
cesses which serve to receive the re- 
ceptacle containing the ashes. The 
new arrangement of the walls renders 
it possible for these cells to be provi- 
ded at both sides of the walls. (Pat- 
ent No. 991,866.) 
Grave Digger’s Dirt Box. 
Harvey M. Smith, of Sunbury, Pa., 
has patented a grave digger’s dirt 
box to receive the earth thrown up 
while digging a grave. 
Figure 1 is a perspective of the box. 
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of one end 
on the line 2 — 2, Fig. 4. Fig. 3 is an 
intermediate section taken on line 
3 — 3, Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a horizonal sec- 
tion on line 4 — 4, Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a 
perspective view of one end of the 
central section of the box bottom. 
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one end 
of the rear section of the box bottom. 
Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective 
view of the upper rear corner of one 
of the ends of the box. 
The end walls B are constructed of 
boards 8 fastened to posts 9 which 
have their lower ends set into sockets 
10 in. the bottom. On the lower ends 
of the posts are tenons 11 which fit in- 
to mortises 12 in the end cleats 2 of the 
bottom. The rear standard or post 9 
lias its upper end 13 projecting above 
the top edge of the wall and is formed 
with a transverse notch or seat 14 for 
receiving a clamping ring 15 fastened 
to the adjacent corner posts of the 
rear wall C. The rear wall C is also 
made of horizontally disposed boards 
16 fastened to standards or posts 17 
on the lower ends of which are the 
tenons 4, heretofore described. The 
end posts 14 have secured to their up- 
per ends the clamping rings 15 that 
swing in staples 18 fastened to the 
post 17. On the inner face of the 
rear side C of the box are cleats or 
stops 19 behind which engage the 
rear posts 9 on the end walls B so 
that the latter will be prevented from 
bulging laterally under the weight of 
the earth in the box. The braces 7 
have their upper ends engaged in re- 
cesses 21 in the intermediate posts 
17 of the rear wall. The front wall 
or gate D is removable from the box 
without taking the other walls down, 
and in beginning to fill the box, the 
front wall is not used, so that the 
soil can be more easily thrown into 
the box. After a while, however, the 
gate or front wall is placed in the 
box so as to retain the earth and 
prevent it from rolling back into the 
grave. The gate D consists of boards 
22 which are of a length to fit be- 
tween the end walls B, and these 
boards are secured together by ver- 
tical cleats 23. The ends of the 
boards 22 bear against the inner sur- 
faces of the boards 8 of the end 
walls, and by drawing the end walls 
together, the front wall will be 
clamped by a clamping device E. By 
turning the turn buckle 24 the end 
walls will be drawn toward each 
other so that the front wall will be 
clamped firmly in place. In setting 
up the box, the sections of the bot- 
tom are arranged in their proper 
relation and then the rear wall set 
up on the rear section of the bottom, 
the tenons 4 of the posts 17 being 
engaged in the mortises 3 in the ex- 
tensions of the cleats 2 and then the 
braces 7 inserted. Patent No. 990, 075- 
GRAVE DIGGER’S DIRT BOX. 
