PARK AND CEMETERY. 
37 
the hours service furnished for street 
and other lighting purposes. The 
same general principles should be fol- 
lowed with reference to each central 
plant, and also with reference to the 
supply stations or offices, if such are 
maintained. 
6. The form of the report is tel- 
escopic in character. The form here 
presented is merely typical. It is ar- 
ranged for a park system with only 
three parks, one square, one circle, 
and two boulevards. The accompany- 
ing text shows how it may be ad- 
justed to the needs of the largest park 
system with very many parks, 
squares, circles, triangles, play- 
grounds, boulevards, recreation piers, 
etc., and to that of a park system with 
only a single park. The instructions 
herein given point out how the form 
may be condensed from that indicated 
in the accompanying exhibit and still 
be made to conform to the system of 
uniformity which it is arranged to 
subserve. 
7. Receipts, expenses and outlays 
are so classified and arranged in 
groups and sub-groups that each item 
finds its appropriate place in the re- 
port, whether the scheme is used by 
a large and complex system of a great 
city or by a small and simple system 
of a village. 
In conclusion, I wish to make the 
suggestion that a committee be ap- 
pointed by this organization to con- 
fer from time to time with the offi- 
cials of the Census Bureau and af- 
ter correspondence and consultation 
with others not on the committee 
to work out a final scheme for ac- 
ceptance by this organization and for 
subsequent recommendation to the 
country with all the authority that 
goes with that form of procedure. 
I would suggest that if a division of 
labor is desired in this work, it might 
not be amiss to appoint a special 
committee on the matter of terminol- 
ogy, particularly as to the terminol- 
ogy to be used in the schedules of 
physical statistics. Park terminology 
is in great confusion to-day. Few 
of us probably agree as to what is a 
boulevard. When shall a highway 
be classed as a boulevard? What is a 
lawn? What is an improved lawn? 
What are public grounds? What are 
public squares, etc., etc. 
A fundamental requisite in this 
work is a common terminology. With- 
out this we shall reap the inevitable 
punishment that comes to those who 
attempt to rear a, marble palace upon 
a foundation of sand. Minds must 
meet in describing an expenditure 
Clear definitions should be framed 
covering the most essential things. 
It is the plan of the Bureau of the 
census to frame a general schedule 
for the collection of finanical and 
physical statistics of parks in 1912. 
This schedule will not go into all 
the details shown on the printed form 
which has been distributed at this 
meeting. It will rather be based up- 
on the larger classifications and serve 
as a stimulus in developing accounts 
into ultimate detail. Should a com- 
mittee such as has been suggested 
be appointed it would seem to be de- 
sirable to seek its co-operation in the 
preparation of the schedule for use 
next year in order that only such in- 
formation may be asked for as can be 
obtained with a reasonable expendi- 
ture of effort. This schedule will be 
published at the earliest possible date 
and distributed to all cities of over 
30,000 population. Smaller cities may 
obtain forms on application to the 
Census Bureau. 
While this work is in progress it is 
hoped that the committee of this or- 
ganization might then continue its 
co-operative work with the Bureau of 
the Census in the preparation of a 
more detailed accounting form along 
the general lines of the form submit- 
ted. This form together with defi- 
nitions and detailed descriptive mat- 
ter of the classifications would then 
be printed and distributed. 
Such then is the general plan of 
the Census Bureau. It can be carried 
out with any reasonable hope of suc- 
cess only if this organization and park 
superintendents and secretaries of 
park boards everywhere manifest a 
genuine interest in it and are genu- 
inely desirous of obtaining such in- 
formation concerning the administra- 
tion of park properties as the plan 
provides. Without such hearty co- 
operation there is bound to be much 
wasteful effort and ineffective work. 
May I express the wish that the 
American Association of Park Super- 
intendents will join hands with the 
Bureau of the Census in the promo- 
tion of this promising field of sta- 
tistical investigation which must lead 
to greater economy and increased ef- 
ficiency in park administration. 
BUILDING DUST PROOF ROADS IN MADISON, WIS. 
From a Paper 
of Wisconsin, 
A macadam road as we all know, 
is made of crushed stone of varying 
sizes held in place by filling the in- 
terstices with smaller stone, stone 
dust, or other suitable material as a 
binder. In the ordinary water bound 
macadam a cementing action takes 
place between the crushed stone and 
the dust used as a binder, the degree 
of this cementing action depending 
upon the material used as crushed 
stone and the material used as a 
binder. 
The harder the rock, the less able 
it is to absorb moisture, and the 
more difficult it is to bind. For this 
reason the granites are more difficult 
to bind than the limestones when 
used as a road material. 
In order to keep a macadam street in 
Read at the 1912 Meeting of the Engit 
by John F. Icke, City Engineer of 
good condition it must receive suffi- 
cient traffic to furnish more or less 
dust, and moisture must be provided 
to aid in keeping the stone cemented. 
If a sufficient amount of moisture 
is not present then the road will ravel 
and will be rapidly destroyed espe- 
cially if very much automobile traffic 
passes over the road. 
In order to supply the necessary 
moisture the method known to all of 
us of applying water with a sprink- 
ling wagon has been used almost 
exclusively in the past. The water 
so applied furnishes the moisture 
which is absolutely necessary to keep 
the macadam well bound and also 
acts as a dust layer and dust pre- 
ventative. 
Many objections to the use of 
leering Society 
Madison, Wis. 
water as a dust preventative may, 
however, be urged. If the water is 
applied in just the right quantity to 
lay the dust but not in quantities 
enough to make the road surface un- 
necessarily muddy then the service 
may be considered fairly satisfactory. 
The difficulty lies, however, in the 
almost impossible task of having the 
water applied often enough and in 
quantities sufficient only to keep the 
surface moist. 
Another objection to the use of 
water is on account of the injurious 
effect upon the road material that 
the frequent application of water has. 
Any slight depression in the surface 
of the road will collect and hold 
water which will soften up the road 
surface and hasten the formation of 
