PARK AND CEMETERY, 
239 
In the last Congress the battle was waged 
again, and not until the Congress was within 
three days of adjournment was the pro- 
tecting power of the Burton bill continued 
until the 4th of March, 1913. 
At 1 o’clock the organization ad- 
journed for the first “Round Table” 
luncheon, which was held in the tea- 
room of the hotel. Nearly 100 per- 
sons heard the general discussion 
around the table. At 2:30 o’clock they 
left for an auto trip through the city 
and its suburbs, including Roland 
Park. Later afternoon tea was served 
at the Baltimore Country Club. The 
evening was devoted to a reception 
at the home of Theodore Marburg. 
Wednesday morning a paper was 
read by Henry N. Castle, secretary of 
the Commission on Beautifying the 
City of Norfolk, Va„ on “The Street 
Tree Problem of Cities; Some Meth- 
ods of Solution.” 
“The problem that confronts us is to make 
vegetable life grow and flourish in unnatural 
surroundings, made so by the ordinary 
method of city construction." 
Mr. Castle referred to Washington as af- 
fording- an object lesson all over the coun- 
try in the excellent results obtained by well 
supervised planting of trees. 
It was a logical conclusion, he said, that 
a city should look after its greater inter- 
ests and exercise a direct supervision over 
the planting and care of its trees. 
“State after state has fallen in line-,’’ said 
Mr. Castle, “and authorized the municipal 
control of shade trees in cities and towns 
desiring the same.” 
Mr. Castle gave a series of general rules 
which should be followed in connection with 
planting and care of trees in city streets. 
At the 4 o’clock session, Edward 
Hatch, Jr., chairman of the Fly Fight- 
ing Committee, gave a report of the 
work of his committee. 
That city parks can be made self- 
supporting was the suggestion pre- 
sented by George A. Parker, super- 
intendent of parks of Hartford, Conn., 
in a paper read at the morning’s ses- 
sion : 
“I was converted against concessions years 
ago,” said Mr. Parker, “and I have never 
yet seen a reason why I should go back.” 
He told how in his city one acre of every 
15 was publicly owned, and was devoted to 
parks or parking in one form or another. 
He told of the cost of the parks of his city, 
and how a city that hoped to provide proper 
parking for its citizens should spend “two 
cents per recreation hour.” 
In Hartford they have set up pavilions 
in the parks where bread, milk, candy, ice 
cream and such things are sold under the 
city’s supervision. 
“Our idea was to serve the people,” said 
Mr. Parker. “It wasn’t a business. The 
idea of business is to get all you can for 
what you give. The idea of service is to 
give all you can for what you get. It was 
that second rule which we have tried to 
follow. We didn’t expect at first to make 
money. We sold milk at 1 cent a glass, 
bread and butter at 1 cent a slice, and so 
on. We found, however, that we were mak- 
ing money. It was the discovery that we 
could give service and still make money that 
has put this idea of making parks self- 
supporting into my head. 
“Now we expect to branch out. The city 
of Hartford is going to give me permission 
to establish a moving picture show in the 
park, and we will run it, so we plan, for an 
admission of three cents. We aim to make 
the parks the real playground of the people.” 
One of the members of the association 
wanted to know how the Park Board could 
sell pure milk at one cent a glass. Mr. 
Parker said that it depended on the size 
of the glass. The glasses they sold, he de- 
clared, were each one-eighth of a quart. 
Mr. Parker gave the following figures as the 
division of the money received: Supplies, 55 
per cent; service, 25 per cent; profit, 20 
per cent. 
The evening session was devoted to 
the president’s annual address, “Not 
Only the City Beautiful,” and an ad- 
dress by the Right Honorable James 
Bryce on “National Parks, the Need 
of the Future.” 
Exercising his imaginative powers, Ambas- 
sador Bryce completed a chain of national 
parks and forest reservations for this coun- 
try. Among other things he advocated the 
purchase of the forest lands between Balti- 
more and Washington by the government 
for a forest reserve, managed on a scientific, 
basis, where the natural scenery lovers of 
Baltimore, Washington and Philadelphia 
could ramble to their hearts’ content. Am- 
bassador Bryce said that he was informed 
that this woodland could be bought for $36 
an acre. 
In addition, he advocated the establish- 
ment of a natural park in the Alleghenies, 
somewhere in North Carolina, even if 300,- 
000 or 400,000 acres of land had to be pur- 
chased. He also urged that the Govern- 
ment take steps to preserve the forest of 
the White Mountains. 
Ambassador Bryce was the principal 
speaker at the night session. The ball room 
of the Hotel Belvedere was crowded to over- 
flowing with those who desired to hear him 
and others speak. Secretary of the Interior 
Walter L. Fisher presided. He also told of 
the work being done toward the enlarge- 
ment of natural parks and the preservation 
of forests. 
Ambassador Bryce said that he learned 
there was a movement on foot to allow au- 
tomobiles the use of roads in the Yellow- 
stone National Park. “If you realize what 
automobiles will do to your national park, 
you will keep them out,” he cautioned. 
Inasmuch as the population of the coun- 
try is growing and the desire of the people 
seems to be leaning toward natural scenes 
and because it is impossible to enlarge the 
earth, the Ambassador strongly urged that 
the places of natural beauty be preserved. 
Private persons are encroaching upon the 
places of scenic splendor, said he, that 
should be enjoyed by the public. “One of 
the reasons for fencing in these fields and- 
forests of beauty is that there must be 
sport. This sport is the killing of God’s 
creatures, such as deer,” he said. 
Destroying trees in order to get timber 
and using water to make power were also 
responsible, in the opinion of Ambassador 
Bryce, for the loss of places of natural 
beauty. He said that anyone visiting Ni- 
agara Falls now would see that it is only 
a shadow of the beautiful falls of 40 years 
ago. He said it was a duty to provide 
places where the nature-loving people could 
gather. The address was heartily applauded. 
Stereopticon views of the nation’s 
natural parks were shown and the his- 
tory of each told by Lawrence F. 
Schmeckebier, of the Department of 
the Interior. 
Some pertinent observations on the needs 
and dangers of community planning in Amer- 
ica were laid before the convention by J. 
Horace McFarland, of Harrisburg, Pa., the 
president of the association, in his annual 
address at the night session. His subject 
was “Not Only the City Beautiful.” Mr. Mc- 
Farland criticised what he termed the atti- 
tude of the average intelligent American 
citizen, who, he said, referred to practically 
every discussion of any form of civic im- 
provement as a “city-beautiful movement.” 
The speaker declared that the business men 
as a class were distinctly opposed to the 
city-beautiful propaganda, and he argued 
that the civic work of the future would 
proceed better under the caption, “The City- 
Practical Movement.” 
The chief address of the morning 
was by Mr. J. C. Nicholls, of Kansas 
City on “Creating a Neighborhood by 
Planning.” 
Mr. Nicholls outlined his own plan: 
“There,” he said, “restrictions are writ- 
ten into all deeds; all purchasers have the 
privilege of examining into all other deeds. 
All the restrictions expire in the same year, 
because the courts do not allow permanent 
restrictions, but the power is placed in the 
ands of the majority of owners of the 
neighborhood to extend the restrictions for 
a. period of 25 years.” Mr. Nicholls de- 
scribed in some detail the restrictions which 
the builders of homes must meet. All 
houses must be detached and provision is 
made for parks, playgrounds and boulevards. 
Walter D. Moody, managing direc- 
tor of the Chicago Plan Commission, 
spoke on “The Building of the Future 
City.” : 
“Problems of city planning rest primarily 
upon the street system,” said Joseph W. 
Shirley, chief engineer of the Maryland 
Topographical Survey Commission. “We 
should begin at our front doors. If our fore- 
fathers had only had the wisdom to provide 
a certain number of main arteries from the 
heart of the town to the outlying settle- 
ments, our problems for the readjustment of 
our street systems would have been a com- 
paratively easy one.” 
The afternoon session of the con- 
vention was devoted to a “sym- 
posium on capital cities,” participated 
in by Henry B. F. Macfarland, former 
Commissioner of the District of Co- 
lumbia; Mayor Charles Hopewell of 
Ottawa, Canada, and Walter B. Grif- 
fin of Chicago. 
As his contribution to the Symposium on 
Capital Cities, Walter Burley Griffin, a 
landscape architect of Chicago, gave to the 
convention a detailed description of the pro- 
posed new capital city which is to be cre- 
ated on the continent of Australia. Mr. 
Griffin recently was awarded the first prize 
of $8,000 for the best design for the new 
city on the island continent, and in his talk 
he dealt not only with the physical side of 
city building, but the ideals which the Aus- 
tralians will strive to carry out in their 
great municipal work. Mr. Griffin gave a 
description of the site selected for the new 
Australian capital and portrayed the rela- 
tions which exist in the plan between the 
locations selected for the government build- 
ings, the residence section, the manufactur- 
ing centers and the lines of communication, 
such as railways, street railways and inter- 
urban lines. 
The parking of residential streets 
was discussed by Major Shirley, of 
Baltimore. 
“When we wanted to save the city money 
by establishing these parkings and at the 
same time beautify the streets we found 
strong opposition in many directions. There 
is a street which you delegates passed 
through in your tour of the city. Part of 
it is parked. When he had done the work 
the residents of the section which was still 
in the old condition wanted to know why 
Continued on page IX 
