248 
be mentioned here that we are taking 
this opportunity to remove poor or 
wrongly placed trees and shrubs and 
planting new ones in proper or as 
nearly proper places as possible. 
We are following up this re-grading 
by removing weeds as fast as they 
appear in the new grass and intend if 
possible by weeding and fertilizing to 
keep the grass in good condition. 
What I have said so far refers to 
sections which contain lots some of 
which are under perpetual care, some 
under annual care and many with no 
care at all. We have also been work- 
ing on many sections where all or 
nearly all lots are under perpetual 
care and where the grass is already in 
fair condition. In one section which 
I have in mind the question came 
should we re-grade or not. We did 
not like to dig it all up, although in 
places it was mostly weeds. Here 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
we set to work vigorously on the 
weeds, removing them by means of 
forks, and at the same time loosening 
up the surface. After removing the 
weeds we pounded the sod back in 
place, scattered screened loam and 
seeded. The result was all that could 
be asked, and after several seasons of 
weeding and fertilizing we expect as 
good grass as can be desired. 
In another section, full of depres- 
sions and sunken graves, we weeded, 
leveled the uneven places, seeding a 
lot now and then when our sods gave 
out, and have been able to go over a 
large area at comparatively little cost. 
In these three ways we have in two 
years covered considerable ground, 
extending from the entrance to Can- 
terbury street on the east and Walk- 
hill street on the south, and have 
hopes that we can not only cover the 
whole cemetery within a reasonable 
time but will be able to keep the sec- 
tions so covered free at least from the 
broad-leaved weeds such as dandelion 
and plantain, free from depressions 
and, of course, sunken graves, keep 
the edges of the walks even and true, 
and in such condition that lot owners 
can feel that perpetual care means 
something to us as well as to them. 
I feel that one of our greatest prob- 
lems in cemetery management is 
grass, and we must be continually at 
it to get it and keep it. 
I may say in closing that we are 
using every means we know to obtain 
only the best and purest grass seeds. 
We try to cut- down or reduce the use 
of water to the difficult lots only, thus 
reducing the cost of maintenance and 
encouraging a deep-rooted lawn that 
will not so easily brown during the 
dry seasons which are so common 
within recent years. 
REHABILITATING AN OLD CEMETERY 
The accompanying pictures tell the 
story of a substantial improvement 
made in an old-style cemetery that 
had started without a definite plan for 
landscape development, and with little 
attempt at beauty. 
Richard Iwersen, superintendent of 
parks, of Calgary, Alberta, who also 
has charge of the improvement of 
Llnion Cemetery in that city carried 
out this work, and the pictures show 
the results he has been able to ac- 
complish under the adverse conditions 
he encountered. 
The first picture shows the old en- 
trance of the Union Cemetery, Cal- 
gary, Alberta. The work on this 
cemetery was done before Mr. Iwer- 
sen. the present park superintendent, 
took charge, by a laborer under the 
assistance of the city engineer. 
There was absolutely nothing done 
toward landscape or tree planting 
work, and the whole cemetery looked 
more like a pasture, though the topog- 
raphy is such that something really 
beautiful can be made out of it. The 
THE OLD ENTRANCE BEFORE IMPROVEMENT, UNION CEMETERY, CALGARY, ALBERTA. 
