204 
PARK AND CE/AETERY 
Garden Plants. — Their Geography. — IV. 
PARIETALES. KContinued .) 
THE PAPAVER, BRASSICA, AND VIOLA ALLIANCE. 
Car damme has 75 species distributed over the 
temperate and cold regions of both hemispheres. 
C. pratensis is the common British “Cuckoo flow- 
er,” found also in New Jersey, so named because its 
flowers appear with the English Cuckoo. The blos- 
soms are lilac-pink, some are double and some are 
white. C. latifolia is a larger growing south Europe- 
an kind with purple flowers. Both prefer moist sit- 
uations. C. amara is another British species with 
cream colored flowers always found in marshy 
places. There are a number of dwarf white flower- 
ed species both native and exotic, which are 
perhaps worth remembering for the swampy mar- 
gins of artificial ponds. 
L^maria annua is the “honesty” so called and 
well known, but the white variety is less common. 
L. rediviva has blue flowers and is perennial. 
These are the only species. The botanists have 
made one of their sagacious changes in the name 
of L. biennis. 
Aabretia has 7 species found in Persia, and 
through the Eastern and Northern parts of the 
Mediterranean region as far west as Italy. They 
are dwarf, mostly purple flowered plants, largely 
used in Europe for spring flowering. Several var- 
ieties are kept in nurseries. 
Alyssum is distributed in lOO species over Eu- 
rope and Northern Africa. They are annuals or 
perennials. A. saxatile with bright yellow flowers 
is sometimes seen, and where it is hardy it is well 
worth growing. It flowers in spring. The sweet 
alyssum so commonly grown by florists is wild 
both in Europe and Asia minor, and sometimes be- 
comes a weed in British gardens. There is a var- 
ALYSSUM SAXATILE. 
legated one seldom seen now; these plants often 
suffer a good deal from the turnip fly. 
Draba is an extensive genus of herbaceous, or 
IBERIS SE.MPERVIVENS. 
as they are regarded, alpine plants. There are 
perennials, biennials, and annuals among them, 
mostly with yellow or white flowers. They vary a 
good deal according to locality, and consequently 
botanists have loaded them down with names. The 
common British “Witlow grass,” D. Aizoides, with 
a curious growth, and bright yellow flowers 
in May is sometimes kept in nurseries. The 
species are distributed over the temperate 
and sub-arctic regions of the northern hemis- 
phere, and the southernmost Andes. A few of 
them may be used for the clothing of small rock- 
works. 
Hesperis, “Garden Rocket” has twenty-two 
species distributed over Europe and the northern 
and western parts of Asia. H. matronalis is often 
found wild in England. It is also found occasion- 
ally in the Atlantic states, evidently escaped from 
gardens. There are a number of varieties, red, 
purple, white and striped. The flowers are some- 
times fragrant after sundown. 
Erysimum has eighty species distributed over 
the temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere. 
It is about the best substitute we have for wall 
flowers in hardy plants. E. pulchellum, with lem- 
on colored flowers and quite showy, is sometimes 
seen. E. Perowskianum is an annual from the Cau- 
casus, with showy orange flowers. 
Brassica -is the cabbage genus. There are 
eighty-five or more good species. They are men- 
tioned here because they include the very hand- 
some variegated leaved forms. They have much 
the habit of the Scotch curled Kales, but with 
beautiful colors like coleus. 
Iberis, “Candytuft” has twenty species, nearly 
all from the Mediterranean regions and Asia Minor. 
Some are shrubby, low evergreens, some herbace- 
ous, and some annual. Many varieties are highly 
prized and well known garden plants, others again 
are uncommon. 
Cakile has two species, one European, one 
