PARK AND CC/nETCRY. 
241 
may be noticed 
in relation to 
their geogra- 
phy. The Dian- 
thus C a r y o - 
phyllus which 
gives its name 
to this alliance 
is a native of 
both shores of 
the Mediterra- 
nean. In those 
Southern re- 
gions it flowers 
early in the 
year but in England where it has naturalized 
itself upon old wall.s and ruins it does not flower 
before midsummer. The perpetual flowering class 
was first brought to notice in the South of France, and 
it is to this discovery by a Lyons gardener that our 
florists are indebted for their winter blooming kinds; 
they are referred to D. caryophyllus fruiticosus, 
Many other classes have been selected, but all have 
their origin where the winters are mild. It might 
be expected that the carnation would naturalize from 
the Carolinas southwards, but I am not aware that 
it has done so. D. alpinus, and D. Armeria are 
sometimes found in sandy fields and on roadsides 
from New Jersey southwards. They are all from 
Europe; we have no dianthus exclusively indige- 
nous to the United States so far as our botanies 
show, but I presume the Kew Herbarium boasts 
something from “N. W. ” America? 
The majority of the species show a disposition 
to vary, and any Dianthus in cultivation may be 
watched for developments, which if recognized as 
superior should if possible be perpetuated. The 
Spaniards for instance have superior Sweet Wil- 
liams which our cultivators seem to have largely 
overlooked. There are doubles and semi-doubles 
which the French call “zEillet badin.” It is a cu- 
rious fact that the original native country of the 
Pink is not known with absolute certainty. The 
DIANTHUS BARIIATUS. DIANTHUS PLUMARIUS. 
(Sweet William.) Garden. Type. 
DIANTHUS. 
I’icotee Type. Bizarre Type. 
species of Dianthus not only vary but hybridize free- 
ly, and several European hybrids are described, 
some supposed to be between the Carnation and 
Sweet William and others between the Carnation 
and Dianthus fulgens etc. 
Tunica has twelve species in Europe and West- 
ern Asia. T. saxifraga with bright pink flowers is 
effective. It is Alpine and flowers in summer. 
Gypsophila has fifty-five species principally Eu- 
ropean and Asiatic. 
Saponaria has thirty-five species of perennials 
and annuals distributed over temperate Europe and 
Asia. Some of them are naturalized in the United 
States. S. officinalis is one of these and has be- 
come quite common. There is a gamopetalous va- 
riety. S. ocymoides is a handsome low growing 
rosy pink flowered perennial species, and S. Cala- 
brica a very pretty annual with pink or white flow- 
ers. 
DIANTHUS CHINENSIS. DIANTHUS. Hybrid Variety. 
Levi R. Pierson, of Hudson, Mich., says the New York 
Tribune, has erected a monument for himself and wife in his 
cemetery lot. On one side it bears the following inscription; 
“Fellow-pilgrim: Help in trouble, if you get it, comes from na- 
ture, humanity, knowledge, here on this earth, nowhere else; 
think of it. L. R. Pierson, attorney-at-law. No charges.” On 
the reverse of the stone is the following; “Levi R. Pierson, 
Harriet A , his wife. They lived and died happy, and knew just 
as much about the future as any human being.” 
By an act of the Pennsylvania legislature in 1895, it is 
made unlawful for any one but near adult relatives to attend the 
funeral of any person who has died of cholera, small-pox, yellow 
fever, typhus fever, diphtheria, diptheritic croup or membranous 
croup. A sufficient number of pall-bearers may be in attend- 
ance. 
