288 
park: and cea\etery. 
Trees and Shrubs in Jackson Park, Chicago. 
The permanent planting of Jackson Park and 
the Midway Plaisance has been underway since the 
spring of 1895, and last year’s work already speaks 
for itself. 
The planting is all done in accordance with the 
plans of the landscape artists and is under the sup- 
ervision of Mr. Fred Kanst, who has been head 
gardener of the South Park system since its organi- 
zation. That he is familiar with the soil and cli- 
mate and is in every way a thorough practical man 
is shown by the excellent success of last seasons 
planting, amounting to 40,000 trees and shrubs, 
that now look wonderfully well. The percentage 
of loss among shrubs has been too small to note 
and is very low among trees. For instance, so far, 
only ten trees have died out of the 500 American 
Elms set out in four rows, one on either side of two 
drives extending from end to end of the Midway. 
The greatest mortality is among the oaks, and Mr. 
Kanst says that if fifty per cent of transplanted oaks 
live the planter should be content. 
This year 80,000 trees and shrubs have been 
set out in the proportion and locations specified by 
the Landscape Artist’s plans. The trees used in- 
clude American Elms, Alders and Lindens; Eng- 
lish Elms; Pubescent Ash; Box Elder; Sassafras; 
Flowering Dogwood; Red Bud; Cockspurand Scar- 
let Thorns; English Hawthorn; Hoptree; Silver, 
Red, Norway and Mountain Maples; White Willow; 
Catalpa Speciosa; White, Chestnut, Burr, Pin, Red 
and Scarlet Oaks; Canoe Birch and Betula Lenta; 
Poplar, var. monilifera, and Oriental Plane trees. 
The shrubs specified cover as wide, or even a 
wider field and among them one notes with satis- 
faction many that abounded in the wild shrubber- 
ies that were scattered through the tract now in- 
cluded in Jackson Park. These may of course be 
depended on to thrive as well as to be in keeping 
with the original spirit of the place. But no where 
in the lists (so far as seen) do I find the Wild Crab 
Apples named. Yet I recall vivid pictures of scenes 
in the park, while it was still a wild and uncultivat- 
ed tract, in which the prominent feature of the com- 
position is a picturesque group of Crabs in full flower 
against a back ground of Burr and scrub Oaks. The 
frequenter of old Jackson Park in its native state 
would like to see as many of its native features re- 
produced or restored as is consistent with cultivat- 
ed grounds, and one feels that no lake shore land- 
scape near Chicago, can be right without the native 
crabs. Their fair and fit companion, the wild Rose, 
is amply represented in the planting, which is good, 
for it abounded in the same ground. The pretty 
little Button Bush and elfish Witch Hazel are also 
there, both old residents of the place as were sever- 
al of the Cornuses that are plentifully introduced 
among the cultivated plantations now being estab- 
li.shed. 
Among the new shrubberies I note Berberis 
vulgaris and Thunbergi; Ligustrum vulgare and 
Ibata; Spirsea salicifolia, tomentosa, Reevsi and 
spulifolia; Viburnum opulus, acerifolium, dentatum 
and prunifolium; Cornus sericia and stolonifera; 
Syringa vulgaris; Lonicera Orientalis and Halleana, 
(the latter associated with Rosa Wichuraiana in 
nine beds of one hundred plants each, the propor- 
tion being seven Honeysuckles to each two creeping 
roses and all are set three feet apart). Mock Orange; 
Choke Berry; Bay Berry; Deutzia Crenata; Weige- 
lia rosea; Ilex verticillata, Japan Quince; Rhodoty- 
pos Kerrioides; Rosarugosa, multiflora,Wichuraiana, 
lucida, and nitida, shrubby Cinquefoil; wild Goose- 
berry; Indian Currant, Bladder Nut; Aralia spin- 
osa; Rhamanus Catharticus; Prickly Ash; Bitter 
Sweet; Shad Bush; Rhus glabra, capallina, aroma- 
tica and typhina; Hypericum prolificum; Hyd- 
rangea paniculata; and Forsythia viridissima. 
These are planted by the hundred from two to 
three feet apart in mixed beds, the combinations 
and locations being specified and proportioned for 
the production of given effects in the prospective 
landscape. Fanny Copley Seavey. 
Ancient Burial Customs. 
In an interesting article in the Jewish Quarterly 
Review, London, England, Mr. A. P. Bender 
says; That the Jews were not the only Nation of 
antiquity who had bestowed care upon the purifi- 
cation of their dead prior to interment. 
The Syrians washed their dead, and afterwards 
clothed them in linen vestments. Jacob of Edessa 
however, explains that the washing of the dead, 
which the Nestorians regarded as an ordinance of the 
church, was nowhere commanded, it only became a 
recognized custom because at first those who died 
from severe ulcers were washed and anointed with 
fragrant oil of consecration, and the practice was 
afterwards extended to all alike. The laity and in- 
ferior clergy had their whole bodies washed; monks, 
nuns, anchorites, and the superior clergy had only 
the head, hands and feet cleansed. 
The Samaritans are prepared for burial by their 
own friends; the whole body is washed, but especial- 
ly the head (thrice), mouth, nose, face, ears, botli 
inside and out (all this Mohammedan fashion), and 
lastly the feet. The Mandaeans also have a sacra- 
ment of the dying. They pour first hot and then 
cold water over the head of the dying man, and 
subsequently array him in the rasta, in which he is 
to be interred. Dying without this ablution and 
a tire causes the soul to remain up to the last day 
