PARK AND CEA\CTCRY. 
365 
the larger blue flowered California and Mexican 
species. 
Colletia has 13 species of singular spiny small 
trees and shrubs, chiefly from Peru and Chili. C. 
cruciata is hardy in the south of England. y\dol- 
phia infesta and others of the affinity are found in 
Southern California and along the Mexican border 
in Texas. (See illustration in October issue). 
Pomaderris is a genus of creamy or yellow 
flowered shrubs 22 species of which are natives of 
Australia and New Zealand. Many of them are 
summer flowering, and where there is glass, are 
worth remembering. 
Vitis, "grape vine,” has 30 species, altogether 
Asiatic and N. American I believe. They are now 
cultivated in all the warm regions of the world, and 
are so familiar as to need no description. 
Amp elop sis has 13 species from Asia, and N. 
America. Our plant is the well known "Virginia 
creeper.” 
Cisstis is a large tropical and sub-tropical genus 
of 220 species, Some have very handsome foliage 
and should not be over-looked for shady spots in 
the sub-tropical garden. 
Leea are mostly shrubs in 44 species, from Asia, 
Africa, Australia and the Mascarene Islands. Being 
tropical they are of course tender. 
James MacPherson. 
Trenton, N. J. 
Notes. 
For the successful cultivation of garden vegeta- 
bles the use of chemicals and minerals is much bet- 
ter adapted, says Mr. Andrew H. Ward, than that 
of animal excrements or stable manure to supply in 
sufficient abundance and in the most available and 
cheapest form the necessary constituents found want- 
ing in soil, or abstracted slowly from those long un- 
der cultivation by successive crops. There is a 
marked difference to be observed between vegeta- 
bles grown upon soil where chemicals and minerals 
are used and those where stable manure is employed, 
the former being less wateiy, more solid, of better 
quality, texture, aroma and flavor. Pig’s dung is 
characterized by an exceedingly unpleasant odor, 
which, when applied to the land, it imparts to the 
crops, and especially to the root crops which are 
manured with it. Even tobacco, when manured 
with pig’s dung, is so much tainted that the leaves 
subsequently collected are unfit for smoking. 
Sickness resembling typhoid fever has been 
caused in horses and cattle who were pastured on 
land where sewerage was used, and may not vege- 
tables grown in soil where effete matter is used be 
one reason for the prevalence of this disease? If so. 
it is at once prevented by removing the cause, while 
by using the necessary chemical and minerals 
adapted to the various crops and soils no loss is sus- 
tained by the market gardens; rather are they helped 
to a strong and more vigorous producing capacity 
of larger and better crops, and at a less cost than 
the use of stable manure entails, taking everything 
into consideration. 
■55' * -Jf 
The same authority above quoted also states 
that lawns can be kept green and thickset without 
the use of stable manure. City and village people 
who have a few square rods of grass usually imag- 
ine it necessary to keep the plot covered for weeks 
with badly scented and ill-looking manure, when 
the fact is that one-half the money’s worth of 
nitrate of soda and powdered phosphate of lime will 
answer better and create no nuisance. They fur- 
nish to the soil what is most needed — an alkali, 
phosphoric acid and nitrogen. Both of them are in- 
odorous and show their effects immediately on ap- 
plication. 
* * 
The care of cannas over winter is thus described 
by y. D.\x\ The American Florist; In lifting cannas 
take up as much soil as possible with the clumps 
and place under the benches in the greenhouse. 
They keep best in a house with a temperature of 40 
to 45 degrees. Never water them when in this tem- 
perature and carefully avoid drip from the benches. 
If in a house with a higher temperature than above 
the usual hosing and syringing in such a house will 
generally supply sufficient moisture to keep the 
clumps from drying out, but they should be exam- 
ined frequently and moisture given where a tendency 
to dry out is noted. 
* * 
It has only recently been that the comparative 
scarcity of sweet-scented flowers has been point- 
edly noted — and what is more remarkable in many 
large families of flowers, there will generally be 
found one or two species worthy of being desig- 
nated as “odorata” among the scores of odorless 
species. The genera, viola, begonia and reseda, in 
which are found the mignonnette and violet, are fa- 
miliar instances. But whoever heard of sweet- 
scented phlox among the numerous species of that 
genus? But Miss Margaret Thompson of Minne- 
apolis reports phlox caespitosa, a spring flower of 
the Black Hills, is very fragrant. — Meehan's 
Monthly. 
From the Alps came the ranunculus and from 
Italy the mignonnette in 1528, rosemary from the 
south of Europe in i 534, the jasmine from Circassia 
