PARK AND CEMETERY, 
89 
Hardy Trees in Beds. 
In many parks and public gardens it is 
the practice to cultivate a few of the hardy 
trees for associating in flowerbeds, borders 
and shrubberies; the s)stemdoes notap- 
pear to be so popular in private gardens. 
The Ailinthus, Rhus typhini, Faulownia, 
Catalpa. the common f ig tree, and 
Golden Elder are some of the best for the 
purpose. D.varf single stemmed trees, 
pruned every year to an eye, will furnish 
vigorous growth of unexpected beauty. 
There is no moreuseful plant than the 1 vy_ 
The tree forms are used for margins to 
large borders, for grouping on the turf 
near shrubs, and in shidy places where 
few plants thrive. The English and Irish 
varieties are largely planted on dry banks 
and as a carpet under large trees. The 
broad-leaved section of Saxifrages, the 
Acanthus, Rheums, &c., are planted by 
the outlines of shrubs, and contrast well 
with them. — C. Jordan in The Garden. 
. * » * 
Pruning Vines in Summer. 
The chief art in gardening consists in 
not allowing our plants to have their own 
wilful way, but to make them behave as 
we want them to do. Vines, generally, 
make desperate attempts to get|to the top 
of a bush or a tree that they twine around, 
and the lower portion is nothing but a 
series of naked stems. When we set them 
to trellises, we want this proceeding 
reversed. We desire as many branches 
close to the ground as at the extreme 
upper portion of the pole or frame on 
which they are supported. The educated 
gardener understands how to do this. The 
grower of grapes under glass has to know 
how to do it as otherwise he would have 
grapes in the apex of the roof and nowhere 
else. He applies the same principle to 
the growth of flowering vines out of doors 
as to his grapes under glass, or to the 
grapes in the out-door garden, for that 
matter, with equal results. Indeed, there 
could be few better methods of learning 
whether one has a real gardener or only 
a wolf in sheep’s clothing, than by noting 
whether he allows the honeysuckles to 
grow in crow’s nests under the coping of 
the piazza front, or whether the branches 
are of equal strength from apex to the 
ground. 
And yet, the art is very simple. It is 
simply to pinch out the apex of the strong 
growing shoots that want to get up still 
higher, and leave the struggling shoots at 
the base alone. The growth force, sud- 
denly checked by the toppirg of the 
upper shoots, has to be expended some- 
where, just as the sudden stoppage of 
water being forced through a pipe may 
burst that pipe. It is diverted to the lower 
and weaker shoots, which become, before 
the season is over, as strong as the upper 
ones. 
In the hands of a good gardener, a 
grape vine trellis will have fruit over every 
part of its surface, — and have as fine fruits 
at the apex as at the base. But how rarely 
do we see these masters of the art; and 
how simple the art is, after all! — Meehans' 
Monthly for June. 
* * * 
Plant Enemies and How to Fight 
Them. 
No on? should attempt to garden these 
days without a good syringe and a supply 
of various insecticides. Not only do we 
have to make a continuousand determin- 
ed fight to secure good fruits and 
vegetables, but the plant enemies have 
also invaded our flower gardens, and 
many of our most popular and once easily 
grown flowers are now rarely seen in 
perfection. The rose, especially, is a 
favorite victim of many insects and 
fungous diseases. But with me the most 
dreaded of all is the fungous known as the 
black spot which not only ruins the crop 
of flowers by causing the foliage to drop, 
but greatly lessons the vitality of the 
plants, making them much more liable 
to winter-kill and to start a weak puny 
growth the next spring, thus falling a 
ready victim to the disease again. To 
successfully combat this plague requires 
prompt and thorough treatment. Bordeaux 
mixture is the remedy, and the plants 
should be thoroughly sprayed with it 
before the leaves start in the spring, and 
once or twice every week thereafter during 
the entire growing season, using care to 
destroy all diseased leaves. 
The cosmos borer is very destructive 
to cosmos, dahlias and asters, frequently 
destroying all the plants, or so damaging 
them as to cause them to produce very 
inferior flowers. I was at a loss to know 
how to deal with this pest for some time, 
but finall found the following to be a 
complete remedy, if used in time: Take 
one level teaspoonful Pans green to three 
gallons of water, and pour around the base 
of the stalk so as to soak the ground for 
two or three inches deep, commencing 
when the plants are only about a foot high 
and repeating the application once every 
week until the plant is about grown. 
The black flower beetle is a most dis- 
gusting and troublesome pest, and set ms 
to be spreading over the country. It 
resembles the common blister beetle 
( indeed, is a species of blister beetle ) , but 
it is smaller and jet black in color. It 
feeds on the open flowers of the hollyhock, 
aster, and a fewothersbut those mentioned 
are their favorite food. One bug will in a 
little while disfigure and utterly ruin the 
finest flower. When disturbed they drop 
to the ground, and the best way to get rid 
of them is to take a shallow pan of water 
into which a little kerosene has been 
poured, and gather the bugs into it by 
shaking the flowers gently over the pan. 
The kerosene will kill them instantly. 
One should look the plants over twice each 
day, while any bugs are to be found . — From 
Vicks Mastasine. 
•» » * 
Hardy Ferns. 
There are several kinds particularly 
pleasing to the writer, though aP— even 
the pestiferous Brake of the Old World — 
come in for some share of admiration. 
The marginal shield fern (Aspidium 
marginale ) is an attractive evergreen of 
medium growth. It is more rugged in 
appearance, and does well in situations 
inclined to rockiness. Polypodium vul- 
gare is also suitable for a rocky soil— in 
fact. It will gain a good foothold on dry 
banks where but little else will thrive. 
It much resembles the Christmas fern, 
Aspidium acrostichoides, on a smaller 
scale, this latter is too well known to re- 
quire recommendation, thriving any-, 
where in dryish soil. The hardy maiden- 
hair may in a measure be considered as 
beautiful as that other species which we 
cherish in our houses, though much 
different in character. It enjoys light soil. 
Many other excellent kinds might be 
mentioned, but we will pass them after 
naming a few others more fond of 
moisture. Their fronds are more delicate 
and graceful. Perhaps the finest when 
located to best advantage is Onoclea 
Struthiopteris, or Struthiopteris Ger- 
manica, as it is quite frequently called. 
In its native haunts, its graceful fronds 
bending symmetrically out from the 
center, may be seen 5 or 6 feet in height. 
I have noticed the king fern, osmunda 
regalis, quite 5 feet in height, though 
the growth is not calculated to attract 
everyone, being very open and unlike 
most native ferns. Clayton’s flowering 
fern and the cinnamon, both Osmundas, 
somewhat resemble each other, the for- 
mer being rather prettier in its more 
open growth. — S. Mendelson Meehan, in 
the Florist's Exchange. 
