132 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
may be dismissed as a factor in the final appearance of the 
ground. 
“ Single graves are usually used by people who are poor or in 
exceedingly moderate circumstances. Generally very sensitive 
in all matters which concern their dead if any rules or regula- 
tions are adopted for the single graves which are not applicable 
to lot sections they feel that discrimination is made on account 
of wealth and that they do not enjoy the same privileges as their 
more fortunate brothers. 
“To accomplish the best results the co-operation of all of 
the officials of the cemetery is absolutely necessary. A few 
simple rules must be adopted and enforced. 
“The height of markers should be uniform throughout the 
cemetery preferably level with the surface of the ground. 
“Single-grave sections when filled should be sodded level. 
No gravel walks should be permitted. The grass walks may be 
indicated at the avenues by markers or corner posts set level 
with the surface. 
“ The graves of any given length should be uniform in 
width, thereby avoiding the jumbled appearance which stones 
frequently have where the graves are of varying width. 
“ The planting of trees and shrubs should be governed by 
rules similar to or the same as those for lot sections, viz.: nothing 
should be planted which would interfere with the next neighbor. 
This rule would prohibit all shrubs and trees which throw up 
suckers or root sprouts. 
“ As the single graves yield the smallest revenue and 
require the greatest labor during the first few years after burials 
of any part of the cemetery, it is always a serious problem how 
much should be expended m their care until the final settlement 
of the graves, the filling, sodding and finishing of the section 
after which no extra or special care is needed. And if the 
right course has been pursued from the beginning the single- 
grave sections will then compare favorably with other sections.’ 
In the discussion that followed this paper it was 
found that a number of cemeteries were conducting 
their single grave sections very closely in line with 
the suggestions of the writer. 
At the close of the evening session light refresh- 
ments were served by the local committee and a 
pleasant social hour was spent. 
The program included sixteen papers all but 
two of which were read. Rev. J. F. Corcoran of 
the St. Lawrence and St. Bernard Cemetery Asso- 
ciation of New Haven, in his excellent paper on 
‘'Sunday Funerals” said “The key note to the so- 
lution of this question seemed to hinge on the word 
necessity, for when imperatively necessary the rea- 
sons against Sunday funerals are not cogent but 
when unnecessary as they usually are, the very 
same reasons have full force.” 
Admitting the reasonableness of Sunday fun- 
erals under certain conditions the paper gave con- 
vincing reasons why it is the duty of Christians to 
discourage them. “To say the least they are not 
in keeping with the Lord’s Day and should there- 
fore be abolished.” 
“If annual planting or embellishment of lots is 
discouraged or reduced, can the interest of lot 
owners be maintained?” This question was an- 
swered in the affirmativ'c by T. McCarthy, superin- 
tendent, Swan Point cemetery. Providence, R. I., 
whose suggestive paper will be found on another 
page. 
This subject always provokes discussion pro and 
con, the growing sentiment however favors modera- 
tion in the restrictions, with a tendency towards 
having all planting done under the immediate sup- 
ervision of the superintendent. 
Mr. C. M. Loring, of Minneapolis, Minn., one 
of the founders of Lakewood cemetery of that city 
and who is often spoken of as the father of its park 
system, in a brief address outlined the policy of 
“Lakewood” where perpetual care is provided for 
the entire cemetery. The single grave sections are 
as well cared for as the lots of the well-to-do lot 
owners. In his experience it did not seem advis- 
able to allow individual planting on lots. Mr. Lor- 
ing took occasion to advocate the enactment of 
state laws that would prohibit operating cemeteries 
for profit. 
The reasons why cemeteries should advertise 
and several mediums best suited to the purpose 
were discussed in a paper on “Cemetery Advertis- 
ing” by R. J. Haight of Chicago. Secretary Eurich 
read the paper on “Beauties and Benefits of Mod- 
ern Cemeteries,” written by George H. Scott, Chi- 
cago, who could not be present. The beauty of 
a modern cemetery consists of its properly laid out 
grounds, its perfect drainage, gracefully curving 
well made and well kept roadways, the careful 
grouping and planting of trees and shrubs, its well 
made lawns, its sylvan groves and quiet nooks, its 
lakes and generally well-cared for appearance; the 
serenity of such a place causes one to conclude with 
the poet that: 
“If there is peace to be found in the world. 
A heart that is humble, might hope for it here.” 
The benefits of a modern cemetery are manifold, 
they come alike to the superintendent, the lot 
holder and the visitor. The chaj-acter of the sur- 
roundings leave their restful impress upon all who 
come within their influence and do much to banish 
from the meditative mind all fear of death. 
An interesting paper on the Public Parks of 
New Haven, by Henry T. Blake, president of the 
New Haven Park Commission, was read by Mr. 
Purton Mansfield. It will appear with illustrations 
in a subsequent issue of Park And Cemetkry. 
In a brief paper on “Cemetery work during the 
winter months,” Mr. Charles Nichols, superinten- 
dent Fairmount cemetery, Newark, N, J., said that 
the most difficult work at this season is the digging 
of graves in the frozen ground, which is cnly ac- 
complished with much labor. In the single grave 
sections in this cemetery the ground is covered to a 
depth of about six inches, with leaves which afford 
