146 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
The selection of trees, and especially shrubs, 
will doubtless be more difficult to decide upon than 
anything else. Acquaintance with them is needed. 
Visits to the botanic garden, arboretum and the 
best nurseries will give a chance for study. Observe 
the plants in nicely laid grounds which you may see. 
Note what you like. Don’t strive for fancy mon- 
strosities of nature nor the latest importations. The 
well known and much used species are generally the 
best, and certainly the cheapest both to get and to 
keep. So much might be said in regard to the char- 
acteristics, the grouping and the arrangement of 
the different trees and shrubs, that the subject must 
be left for treatment by itself at another time. But 
to mention a few now, I should name as among the 
most useful, the Weigela, Lonicera, Forsythia, 
SpirjEa, Althea, Hydrangea, Red-twigged Cornel, 
Japan Quince, the smaller Magnolias, Dwarf Horse- 
chestnut, Purple Berberry, Hazel and Beech, fern- 
leaved Birch, Beech and Maple; and of the ever- 
greens, white and dwarf Spruces, golden Arborvitae, 
Junipers and Retinosporas. A selection of hardy 
herbaceous plants should be a feature in the planting 
of all small places. 
As a rule it is best to set out young plants, not 
more than two or three years old. It may be a little 
disappointing at first to see such small shrubs and 
trees, almost like so many sticks set in the ground. 
We Americans are rather impatient with gradual 
growth. But young plants adapt themselves more 
readily to their new situations, are more easily 
transplanted, cost less to buy and to transplant, 
and in the end make a better showing than the older 
growths. Occasionally, it is desirable to transplant 
a good-sized tree, but to do it properly with a good 
prospect of its living is very expensive. Than there 
is a certain pleasure and culture in watching things 
grow, that we can have only with the younger 
plants. 
Only nursery shrubs and trees should be used. 
Those taken from the woods are not likely to live, 
and are rarely well-shaped, owing to their shady 
and close situation. By continued transplantings 
the trees and shrubs in the nurseries have become 
prepared for transplanting again. Fibrous roots have 
been formed nearer the body of the trees, and they 
are, therefore, not so easily injured as are the wild 
ones whose long roots are necessarily severed in 
taking them up, and much of the fibrous roots 
taken away. 
Select the trees and shrubs to suit the locality and 
the general design of the groups for which they are 
intended. Do not give the order to the nurseryman 
or a nurseryman’s agent to furnish so many of each 
kind of shrub, etc. Perhaps the very size and habit 
of growth that he happens to have in most abund- 
ance, and will therefore send, may be entirely un- 
fitted for the situation and place in group for which 
you intend them. 
In setting out — the best months for which, as a 
rule, are May and October — dig for each plant a 
large hole, and deep, star-shaped, or cross-shaped, 
that the growing fibers may be introduced into the 
firm and poor soil by degrees, and not all at once, 
as when we make a round or a square hole. Then, 
to make a bed for the tree or shrub, that the surface 
of the soil, after it has settled, shall be at the same 
line on the stem as was the original soil, partly 
fill the hole with rich loam (beware ofundecomposed 
manure) and compress it sufficiently to prevent 
much after-setting. When the plant is in position 
and plumb, press with fresh, rich earth about the 
roots carefully but firmly with the fingers or with a 
pointedstick. Watering is often advisablein settling 
the earth. After this has settled away, finish filling 
the hole and neatly grade the surface. For the first 
two seasons a mulching of dry leaves should be 
placed around each plant and watered regularly 
every week or two during the dry weather; and in 
the winter the ground all around the body of the 
trees and shrubs should be deeply covered in a sim- 
ilar way as a protection from daily thawing and 
freezing. 
After the planting has been done the surface of 
the lawn will need to be evenly graded and seeded, 
first placing a wide border of good sods, free from 
weeds, along the walks, and trimming to an uniform 
width and even line of walk. This part of the sub- 
ject will afford an opportunity of more detailed 
study. 
It may seem that what I have here mentioned 
is considerable to be done for the planting of a 
small house lot. But when it is borne in mind that 
the work here described will extend over a year or 
two of time, that good shrubs may be had for fifty 
cents apiece, and the cost of small trees will rarely 
exceed two dollars each, and that not many trees 
and shrubs are needed — only a frame, as it were, 
a frame of verdure for the lawn, a leafy screen on 
the border of the lot, an occasional resting place 
for the eye at the angles of the house and at the 
turns of the walk — it will not seem so much of an 
expenditure of time and money, especially if we 
consider the pleasure and honest pride, the culture 
to us and the benefit to others also, in the growth 
and result of this, our planting about our own 
homes. 
M. Gambart has offered to present to the town of 
Fontainebleau, a monument in honor of Rosa Bonheur. 
M. Gambart bought many of her pictures, published the 
greater number of the engravings from them and was on 
friendly terms with her for many years. 
