PARK AND CEMETERY. 
147 
GARDEN PLANTS— THEIR GEOGRAPHY, XLV. 
GENTIANALES. 
THE JASMINUM, FRAXINUS AND MENYANTHES 
ALLIANCE. 
( Continued.') 
Fraxinns, the “ash,” is familiar to almost all 
country residents of the sub-tropical and colder 
Syringa Japonica, in Flower June 30. 
parts of the northern hemisphere, where perhaps 
there may be 30 or more good species of trees and 
shrubs. They are so subject to variation that it 
may well be suspected names have been too much 
Osmanthus Aquifolium. Var. ilieifolius. 
multiplied. The United States is credited with 
about a score of species, some with undivided and 
some with spotted leaves. F. excelsior, the Euro- 
pean ash, is given a score or more of well marked 
varieties, some of which are handsome weeping 
trees with green and golden bark. F. ornus, 
known as the flowering ash, is the type of a dis- 
tinct section, of which there is quite a dozen forms, 
including F. leariesii from China, F. florileunda 
from the Himalayas, and F. dipetala from Cali- 
fornia. 
Fontanesia has 2 species, F, phillyreoides and 
its varieties from Asia minor, and F. fortunei from 
China. They have a pleasing habit and good 
foliage. 
Forestecria acuminata is a native of the southern 
states and northward on wet banks to Indiana. 
There are several others in the southwest. 
Phyllyrea in 4 species and a number of varie- 
ties are handsome evergreens well adapted to the 
lower south. 
Osmanthus has 8 species in Eastern Asia, North 
America and the South Sea Islands. The plant 
known as O. frag- 
rans does very well 
in the lower south 
as a rule, but was 
frozen during the 
winter of 1898-99. 
For beauty, how- 
ever, the native O. 
Americana is 
much superior to 
it. O. aquifolium 
is handsome, too, 
and very variable 
with variegated 
leaves of different 
shape and size. 
They endure mild 
winters at Wash- 
ington, D. C., and have been kept with protection 
further north, but are only reliable from the Caro- 
linas southward where they are useful evergreen 
shrubs. 
Chionanthus “fringe tree” is in two species, C. 
retusa from China and C. virginica from New Jersey 
southward. Both are hardy fine shrubs or small 
trees. 
Olea is the “olive tree’’ genus with 36 species 
in the warm parts of the world. O. Europoea, the 
Olive of commerce, is in cultivation to some extent 
in southern California and on one or two of the 
islands off the coast of Georgia. O. verrucosa, a 
shrub of 12 to 15 feet high, and O. laurifolia, a 
fine straight tree of 50 to 70 feet, are natives of 
South Africa; O. Cunninghamii is a smaller 
New Zealand tree likely to be of use in Cali- 
fornia, especially as the wood is hard, dense and 
durable, 
Olea Europoea. In the Garden of 
Gethbaniene. 
