PARK AND CEMETERY 
191 
inches and then close out all interstices with a one inch course 
of trap dust. This trap to be then thoroughly rolled with a 
steam roller of at liast 12 ton weight, said roller to be preceded 
by a sprinkler so that the material is rolled and compacted 
while in a very moist condition. This rolling must continue 
until all voids in the surface are closed and until the road sheds 
water and the roller does not track. Heretofore the import- 
ance of sprinkling and rolling has not been fully appreciated, 
but no macadam road is properly built, nor will it give a wear- 
ing surface free from ruts at all seasons, unless it is systemat- 
ically treated as above, and all traffic kept from the newly fin- 
ish' d road for at least three days. 
H iving considered the essentials in road building I hereto 
append a small table of the comparative cost of 14 inch roads 
lately built in Cleveland, both on Telford and Macad m plan. 
Holding that good drainage must be provided even where roads 
are not surfaced, this table does irot include cost of drains. 
The limestone, slag and trap rock, all machine crushed, 
are much used hire, and this table, in giving the cost of these 
materials f. o. b. Cleveland, may be of service in determining 
the cost of similarly constructed roads in other districts, where 
nature may have provided other and perhaps better road mate- 
rials by substituting the cost of w’hatever materials may be 
used in place of the cost in these tables of limestone, slag or 
trap. 
TEgFORD STONE df' TO S" THICK .\ND S'^TOlb'^ TONG, COST US- 
ING M.VHONING VAEEHV I.IMESTONE AND TAKE SUPEIOR 
TRAPROCK, I7‘4iC. PER SO. FT. ORf;i.55 PER S'QtC\RE YARD. 
depth of compeet- 
ED ROAD. 
DEPTH BEFORE 
roleing. 
COST OF MATERIAI. 
F.O.R. CI.EYELAND 
COST OF M-ATERIAI, 
REQUIRED TO DAY 
I SQ. YD. 
c 
< 
, < 
0 K 
X 
u 
5 
S 
X 
u 
> 
6i 
X 
5 
Limestone 
Telford .... 
Sin, 
9 in. 
fl-25 
#.32 
$•30 
1-05 
$.67 
Limestone 
1" mesh . . 
4 in. 
7in. 
r-25 
•25 
.08 
.04 
•37 
Trap Rock 
mesh and dust 
2 in. 
3111. 
4.80 
.40 
.05 
.06 
•51 
Totals .... 
14 in. 
19 in. 
# 97 
1-43 
f-i5 
$'■55 
COST OF ABOVE IN MACADAM PEAN — $ 1.50 PER SQUARE YARD 
OR l 6 ^C. PER SQUARE FOOT. 
Limestone 
i Vy mesh. . 
Sin. 
1 2 in. 
$'•25 
$ -42 
$ -15 
$ -05 
$ .62 
Limestone 
i" mesh. . . . 
4 in. 
7in. 
'■25 
• 25 
.08 
.04 
•37 
Trap rock, i" 
mesh & dust 
2 in. 
3in. 
4.80 
.40 
•05 
.06 
•51 
Totals . . . 
14 in. 
22 in. 
$1.07 
$ .28 
$ .28 
|i- 5 o 
COST OF M.ACADAM USING MACHINE CRUSHED STAG WITH TRAP 
ROCK DRE.SSING— 11.22 PER SQUARE YARD OR I3>^C. 
PER SQUARE P'OOT. 
Slag, 2^" 
mesh . . . . 
8 in. 
15 in. 
$ .60 
$ -25 
$ -15 
$ -05 
1 -45 
Slag, mesh 
4 in. 
8 in. 
.60 
• 14 
.08 
.04 
.26 
Trap rock, \" 
mesh & dust 
2 in. 
3in. 
4.80 
.40 
•05 
.06 
• 5 ' 
Totals . . . 
14 in. 
26 in. 
$ -79 
$ .28 
$ -'5 
$1.22 
CORRESPONDENCE. 
Hardy Azaleas. 
I hope the correspondence between y. M., p. 146, and y. 
y., p. 168, as to hardiness of rhododendrese — especially in the 
west — will continue. I have no doubt but thousands of dollars 
are yearly wasted on experiments on these beautiful mountain 
plants in the prairie regions wi h resulting failures of which we 
hear nothing. 
The “pinxter flower” R. nudiflorum has a wide range both 
on dry and wet ground — from Canada to Florida, from Southern 
Illinois to Tom Green county, Texas. Will Mr. y. M. or Mr. 
y. y. tell US w’hat they think is the cause of its tenderness at 
Chicago in temperatures not lower than parts of Canada and 
New England where it is perfectly hardy? 
I might ask the same question as to R. maximum, R, rho- 
dora, anrl the oft reputed varieties of R. Catawbiense. 
In treating of “Ericales” art. rhododendron I felt con- 
strained for want of this very information, yames McF/teison. 
* 
I notice Mr. Jen.sen’s reply to mine concerning the hardi- 
ness of the Ghent and Mollis azaleas. I would say that I do 
not for a moment question the accuraev- of his observations 
concerning the behavior of these plants at Chicago and places 
outside of it. Chicago was not named at all in the first in- 
stance by Mr. Jensen, but ‘‘the northern parts of the middle 
stat's,” for which locality I would repeat that I consider it mis- 
leading to consider them too tender. 
As Mr. J. suggests, there is a difference between unsuitable- 
ness and hardiness. Certain soils, heavy ones for instance, are 
unsuited to them. y. M. 
-:S * 
nonuments in Cemeteries. 
At the recent convention of cemetery officials held in Cleve- 
land, two or three papers were read discouraging the erection 
of monuments in cemeteries as they marred the beauty of the 
landscape and detracted from the park-like appearance so 
much desired in modern cemeteries. By some it was advocate 1 
that trees would form belter memorials to those who have 
passed away than monuments of stone. If such ideas could be 
carried out and the people educated to that point, there would 
be but few park-like cemeteries. Imagine what a mass of 
trees and shrubs beautiful Graceland would be, if a tree or shrub 
were planted for each of the 70,000 interments made there! 
What would become of the splendid lawns and vistas that go to 
make that cemetery so beautiful? Mount .\uburn would lose its 
charming appearance if trees took the place of monuments; 
32,000 trees planted in rows to denote the different graves, 
would not give a very inviting appearance. 
From time immemorial stone has been made use of as the 
most lasting of all materials for perpetual memorials. The 
great pyramids were the most prominent and are described in 
the Good Book as ‘‘a silent witness.” Cemetery officials are 
inclined to lose sight of the fact that they conduct burial 
^ro<n's and not parks. It is all very well to endeavor to make 
our cemeteries as park-like as possible, but it should be consist- 
ent with the fact that they are burial grounds, .■tnd should 
the people ever be educated to do away with stone memorials, 
and even to a limited ext mt make use of trees as markers, they 
will go a step farther and inter in their own pretty door yards 
or private parks. Then our occupation would indeed be gone. 
