200 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
be transplanted to the garden. I have now dwelt on 
these plants a good deal. Well; a bed of Gentians 
was the first thing in a garden to rivet itself on my 
mind and besides they are worth dwelling upon. 
Some European collections contain about 40 spec- 
ies. G. asclepiadea in var., and G. acaulis in var., 
from Europe, the Rocky mountain forms of G. 
amarella, G. affinis and the western G. Oregana 
are among those sometimes heard of in American 
gardens. 
Menyanthes trifoliata in var. Lyuinanthenimn 
nymphmoides, and Indicum, and several Villarsias 
are pretty aquatics or marsh plants, known as 
•“bog-beans,” “floating hearts,” and so on. 
James MacPherson. 
THE AMERICAN PARK AND OUT-DOOR ART 
ASSOCIATION. 
A meeting of the council and others interested in 
the American Park and Out door Art Association was 
held in the green room of the Auditorium Annex, Chi- 
cago, Saturday, Nov. 4th. 
There were in attendance: President Chas. M. Por- 
ing; Vice-presidents, R. PP Warder, John C. Olmsted, 
E. J. Parker, Thos. H. Macbride; Treasurer, O. C. Si- 
monds, and Secretary Warren H. Manning, together 
with the following of Chicago: Mr. W. M. R. French 
■director of the Art Institute; Mr. Emil Porch, of the 
Art Institute; Prof. Geo. W. Kriehn, of the University 
■of Chicago; Mr. Bryan Pathrop and Dr. P. M. Wood- 
worth, President of the Pincoin Park Board. 
Dr. Woodworth was elected chairman of the meet- 
ing. The secretary gave a general review of the work 
of the association, particularly that which has been dele- 
gated to the committees, with a brief outline of what 
had been accomplished by these committees, and stated 
that he had conferred with Mr. French of the Art Insti- 
tute in regard to the date for the next annual meeting. 
It was voted by the council to hold the meeting on the 
5th, 6th and 7th of June next, and to make the Auditor- 
ium Hotel the leadquarters of the association. 
The following suggestions were brought up in the 
general discussion which followed: 
Mr. E. J. Parker urged the importance of securing a 
larger membership and called attention to the good 
work which was being done by the various railroads, 
particularly the Boston & Albany and the Pennsylvania 
R. R., in the improvement of the surroundings of sta- 
tions. He suggested that a paper upon this subject 
would be desirable, also a paper on “School Grounds.’ 
He called attention to the valuable time that was being 
lost by the Chicago University in postponing planting 
operations upon their grounds. He also stated that he 
thought the association should secure an opinion and 
have a discussion upon the question of the rights of 
telegraph companies to cut trees on the roadside in lo- 
cating their ?poles and wires. Mr. Parker spoke also of 
the importance of having more attention given to the 
■surroundings of national, state, city and town public 
buildings. He spoke also of the importance of checking 
the abuses of public advertisements which had been re- 
ferred to a committee of the association, 
Mr. R. H. Warder stated that the association should 
aim to stimulate a more active public sentiment in favor 
of cleanliness and good order. 
Prof. Kriehn said that he would like very much to 
have a paper upon “Small Parks” treated in the broad- 
est possible way in order to bring out suggestions that 
would help make such parks of the greatest use to the 
greatest number. 
Mr. Lorch suggested that a collection of photographs 
be displayed at the meeting of the association in which 
would be indicated what was bad and what was good in 
the treatment of public and private grounds. 
Mr. Warren H. Manning suggested that the surround- 
ings of church buildings should also be considered in 
the work of the association. 
Mr. O. C. Simonds thought it important that some- 
one should consider and present before the meeting the 
work that our association should aim to accomplish during 
a series of years. A paper on “The Preservation and Pro- 
tection of Parks Once Formed” would be a good subject. 
Mr. Bryan Lathrop said that he had been greatly im- 
pressed at a recent visit to Washington with the great 
injury that was being done to small parks by the removal 
of all shrubbery, on the ground that it was likely to 
prove a shelter to evil-disposed persons, this being the 
idea of the present man in charge of the grounds who 
appears to have the power to do this work without re- 
straint. He thought public attention should be called 
to this and some provision made for the protection of 
public parks. 
PreHdent Chas. M. Loring szid that he should en- 
courage the organization of neighborhood and village 
improvement associations. 
Mr. Thos. II. Macbride suggested that school and 
home grounds would be a good general topic for discus- 
sion. 
Dr. P. M. Woodworth would have more attention 
given to such matters as laws relating to boulevards, the 
moral effect of parks on the community, architecture 
and sculpture in parks, and would have every depart- 
ment of park administration discussed at our meeting. 
He spoke of the good work that was being done at Day- 
ton and thought that Chicago was ripe for a movement 
in this direction. 
Mr. E. J. Parker thought that papers should gener- 
ally be presented by men who by reason of extensive 
travel and research would be able to treat the subject 
presented in the broadest possible manner. 
Mr. Thos. H. Macbride suggested that it might be 
advisable to have some general subject treated in detail 
at each session, or perhaps at each meeting. 
Mr. John C. Olmsted agreed with Mr. Macbride in 
this matter. 
President Loring stated that short, pithy papers 
should be prepared rather than long essays in which an 
attempt was made to cover the subject treated. The 
shorter papers were more valuable because they brought 
out discussion and in this way the views of a large num- 
ber of men were secured. It was generally agreed that 
such papers would be best. 
