PARK AND CEMETERY 
space hardly permits the healthy development of any 
tree. The Lombardy poplar is too short lived, and the 
stately cypress will not grow here. The ash falls an 
easy victim to death-dealing insects and so does the 
silver maple. The linden and hard maple very seldom 
attain the desired height under such conditions ; besides 
the first named demands particular soil for its healthy 
development. There is nothing left, so we will have to 
be satisfied with the elm as a cripple, or open our arms 
to the cottonwood. Whether a continuous planting of 
one variety of tree, or a change in the planting scheme 
every other or every second or third block is most de- 
sirable, is a matter of preference ; but on main and con- 
tinuous thoroughfares one variety is the most satisfac- 
tory. In the residence or better home district a varied 
planting scheme is more picturesque, but it should at 
all events be governed by the architecture most domi- 
nant. Old English and colonial imitation look well in 
a mixture of trees and shrubbery, and a liberal plant- 
ing of climbing plants; while on the other hand, the 
gothic type and the pure colonial demands tall tower- 
ing trees in contrast with its peaks and spires for the 
one and straight pillars for the other. Apropos of 
large trees — be judicious in their selection; their dom- 
inant qualifications are apt to prove injurious to other 
garden friends ; besides how can we define the beauty 
of a tree when unable to look at it in the perspective? 
The large trees belong properly to the country, or large 
grounds, where they can receive the necessary nour- 
ishment for their full development and their majestic 
forms mingle so beautifully with the skv and surround- 
ing landscape. The new postoffice in Chicago will 
serve as an illustration. What a pity that so much 
money should be wasted where a less expensive build- 
ing would have done the same service. Just as well as a 
large tree needs room on which to show its beautv so 
does a building of monumental architecture. In most 
residence districts where the buildings have been placed 
the desirable distance from the street line and their 
character is one of subordination to the surroundings 
rather than one to attract attention on account of supe- 
rior architecture, the rural aspect in the general plant- 
ing scheme should prevail and is here the most pleas- 
ing. And what a variety of material to select from ! 
It makes no difference whether your garden consists 
of clay or sand. There is enough for all. In the park- 
way and that part of the garden adjoining it we must 
have harmony and the simpler the planting the more 
beautiful it is. If there be a desire for variety and 
room for planting, keep it away from the street. 
Have your little arboretum at the rear of the house as 
a sort of museum, but do not let it get mixed up in 
the general planting scheme. One or several blocks 
can be planted for spring effect, another for fall colors, 
and so on. Imagine a street ablaze with pink and white 
in early May or a variety of red and yellow in October ! 
Again referring to the gothic building style, straight 
avenues of elms or lindens are more fitting, and this 
class of architecture suggests a garden of a liberal mix- 
ture of foreign trees and shrubs. Before discussing 
suburban landscape gardening, let us understand that 
the suburban town is intermediate between city and 
country, and such should be the idea in its houses and 
gardens. Has the town site been selected on the tree- 
less prairie, its development in landscape gardening 
will be largely due to the taste of the individual owners, 
if foresight has not committed the layout of the town 
to the hands of the landscape gardener before a single 
lot had been sold. 
Was it the forest that attracted the city dweller as a 
desirable place for his home ? Then his first love should 
dictate the character of building and landscape archi- 
tecture. Although variety in the landscape is to some 
extent desired, it must first of all be in harmony with 
its surroundings, and the general planting scheme be 
one of a united whole, whether the town has developed 
among natural or artificial associations. The so-called 
park plans should prevail in the layout of a suburban 
town, but let us not despise a straight avenue now and 
then, and especially where the land is almost level and 
the vista perfect. On low lands the elm stands first as 
an avenue tree, and on high gravelly grounds none ex- 
cels the hard or sugar maple. As has been previously 
mentioned, architecture must be governed by the natu- 
ral surroundings, and that architect is wise who knows 
his limits. Perhaps in towns with entirely artificial 
surroundings his ingenious mind can be permitted 
greater sway, but he must at all times respect the rights 
of adjoining property and not disturb the general char- 
acter that prevails. The color of buildings in relation 
to the landscape invariably tends to disturb or please 
the environments of a suburb. Brown or red colors 
in stone or brick mingle beautifully with the many va- 
rieties of reds and yellows in the fall landscape and are 
therefore best adapted among hardwood trees and 
their associations in shrubs and vines. On the other 
hand, light colors are more pleasing where green pre- 
vails, and especially among tire evergreen forests. In 
the city, and more so in the villa, town garden walls 
or iron fences along the street border are an imposition 
upon true American ideals. Do not lock your- 
self up in an iron cage or imprison yourself be- 
hind towering walls ; the days of barbarism and feu- 
dalism — their instigators — are past. Of course, some 
seclusion is needed, but there is plenty of live material 
that will lend itself to such a purpose and screen a 
low fence — if the latter is deemed necessary — and 
how beautiful, how restful and pleasing does it not 
look against the despotism-inspired wall or iron fence ! 
Just imagine a street lined with walls and fences and 
one clothed in nature’s beautiful covering, and com- 
pare the influence each is going to have on those that 
