28 
PARK AND CEMETERY 
The Redwood; bulletin No. 38, Bu- 
reau of Forestry; Washington, Govern- 
ment printing office, 1903 : 
This bulletin includes three parts: (1) 
A Study of the Redwood, by Richard 
T. Fisher, Field Assistant, Bureau of 
Forestry; (2) The Brown Rot Disease 
of the Redwood, by Hermann von 
Schrenk, Bureau of Plant Industry ; and 
(3) Insect Enemies of the Redwood, by 
A. D. Hopkins, Division of Entomology. 
In Mr. Fisher's study of the redwood he 
considers its forest description, distri- 
bution, climate and topography, silvicul- 
tural types, characteristics, enemies, lum- 
bering, etc. The redwood of California 
( Sequoia semper virens), he says, be- 
longs to a genus of which the big tree, 
( Sequoia washingtoniana) is the only 
other species now alive. Both are al- 
lied to the cypress ( Tax odium dis- 
tichum ), and their lumber is often called 
by the same name, but they are botan- 
ically distinct from each other. They 
do not even occupy the same situations. 
The big tree occurs in scattered bodies 
on the west slopes of the Sierra Nevada, 
while the redwood forms dense forests 
on the west slopes of the Coast Range. 
It grows to a greater height than any 
other American tree, but in girth and 
age it is exceeded by the big tree of the 
Sierras. On the slopes 225 feet is its 
maximum height and ten feet its great- 
est diameter, while on the flats under 
better conditions it grows to be 350 feet 
high with a diameter of 20 feet. The 
form and development of the tree, the 
quality of the wood, reproduction by 
suckers and seedlings are further con- 
sidered and the following general con- 
clusions reached by Mr. Fisher; the red- 
wood reproduces itself abundantly by 
sprouts on cut-over lands, and occasion- 
ally by seeds; in 30 years in a fair soil 
and a dense stand, it will produce trees 
of 16 inches diameter, 80 feet high ; af- 
ter careful lumbering under favorable 
conditions it does pay to hold cut-over 
redwood lands for future crops. Dr. von 
Schrenk notes the remarkable resistance 
of the redwood to most forms of de- 
cay, the brown rot being the only disease 
which troubles it. The decay starts in 
the inner rings of the heartwood and ex- 
tends outward gradually until the heart- 
wood is pitted. The writer says that no 
one fungus can be determined to be the 
cause of it, and discusses means of pre- 
vention. Mr. Hopkins finds the follow- 
ing insect enemies to the redwood : The 
redwood pitch worm ; cedar bark bee- 
tle; the redwood bark beetle; Lawson's 
cypress bark beetle, and the Monterey 
cypress hark beetle, and considers meth- 
ods of prevention for each. 
Conservative Lumbering at Sewanee, 
Tenn., by John Foley, Field Assistant, 
Bureau of Forestry : 
In 1900 the Bureau of Forestry under- 
took the management of the forest at 
Sewanee, Tenn., owned by the Univers- 
ity of the South. The forest had been 
misused for many years, and was stead- 
ily declining in value, but a plan of man- 
agement was applied which has proven 
profitable and left the forest in good 
condition after lumbering. The lands 
of the Lhiiversity comprise about 7,255 
acres, 6,655 of which are timberlands. 
In this bulletin the forest is described, 
recommendations for management are 
given, and the results attained are stated. 
The recommendations are general, since 
the treatment of the forest has necessa- 
rily been such that rules to cover each 
particular case would have wrought con- 
fusion. The plan submitted states the 
objects to be gained by conservative 
management, and indicates as closely as 
possible the methods which should pre- 
vail in the treatment of the forest. 
Bulletin of the New York Botanical 
Garden; Vol. II, No. 8; issued March 
18, 1903 : 
This issue of the Bulletin completes 
volume II, and contains reports of all 
the officers for the year 1902. The report 
of Dr. N. L. Britton, Secretary and Di- 
rector-in-Chief, shows encouraging 
progress in the work of the past year 
which has been mainly directed toward 
the maintenance and development of the 
features previously installed, and to the 
carrying out of plans previously adopted. 
Much construction work has been ac- 
complished, the collections in all depart- 
ments have increased materially, and the 
number of students and visitors has been 
greater than ever before. The total num- 
ber of species now represented in the 
plantations and conservatories including 
the native flora of the tract is about 10,- 
600, of which 1,300 weie added during 
the past year. The endowment fund has 
been increased by about $20,000 during 
the year and the number of annual and 
life members is now 1,049. Considerable 
land has been taken into cultivation in 
the herbaceous grounds, especially in the 
plantations illustrating the rose, mint and 
thistle families in which 3,000 species 
were grown last year. The number of 
species in some of the other collections 
are as follows: Fruticetum, 530; Salice- 
tum, 50; Arboretum — hardy trees includ- 
ing native kinds, 300 ; Viticetum, 60. A 
valuable landscape feature has been add- 
ed to the grounds by the completion of 
the small lake at the southern end of 
the herbaceous grounds. The treasurer's 
report shows receipts for the year of 
$150,461.31, and expenditures of $134,- 
719.23, leaving a cash balance of $15,- 
742.08. The contribution of the city 
toward development and maintenance 
was $83,803.88, and the income from in- 
vestments, $12,630. Some of the prin- 
cipal items of expenditure were as fol- 
lows: salaries and labor, $67,017.39; sup- 
plies and repairs, $13,598.94; museums 
and herbarium, $2,800; exploring and 
collecting, $2,497.27 ; grading, drainage 
and water supply, $3,273.25. 
Trees and Shrubs of Prospect Park, 
by Louis Harman Peet, of Brooklyn, N. 
Y. : 
“This book," says the author in his 
preface, “has been prepared 'to aid the 
city nature lovers who frequent Prospect 
Park in identifying its trees and shrubs 
by diagrams of location and text de- 
scription.” The need of such a book as 
this has doubtless been felt by every one 
with no more than the average knowl- 
edge of the beautiful trees and shrubs 
which are to be seen in any of our large 
parks, and it will open up a vast world 
of nature to any one who has access to 
Brooklyn’s magnificent park. The park 
is divided into twelve definitely marked 
sections, and a diagram of each of them 
is given locating all of the principal 
shrubs and trees by numbers. Immedi- 
ately following this is the key to the 
diagram giving both common and botan- 
ical names, and a chapter of descript- 
ive text is devoted to each diagram. The 
work is admirably adapted to its pur- 
pose of helping the uniniated to appreci- 
ate nature’s beauties, as well as to serve 
as an admirable guide to the beginner in 
horticulture who wishes to make a thor- 
ough study of our native trees and 
shrubs. One cannot help cherishing the 
