70 
PARK AND CEMETERY 
Garden Plants — Their Geography — XC 
Coni fe rales, Continued. 
Thuja, including Thujopsis and Biota as sections, 
has five species and unlimited varieties in cultivation 
hardy over wide sections of the northern hemisphere. 
A GROUP OF THUJAS. OTTAWA, ONT., ARBORETUM. 
They are natives of North America, Japan and China. 
T. occidentalis, the well-known arbor-vitse, is found in 
bogs and along the often rocky but moist shores of 
lakes and streams from the mountains of North Caro- 
lina to New Brunswick, far away to the north in Can- 
ada West to Lake Winnipeg. The most favorable sta- 
tions of growth seem to be the shores of the smaller 
northern lakes, where it sometimes attains 50 or more 
feet high, growing in considerable and dense woods, 
often alone, but sometimes, as along the east shore of 
Lake Memphramagog, mingled with the canoe birch 
— a very beautiful combination. The bog plants do 
not seem so well developed, but they may only be sec- 
ond or third growths, for the wood is most durable 
and useful for fencing, and no doubt has been cut 
over repeatedly in all accessible places. In cultivation, 
too, it assumes the tree form less often, maybe be- 
cause it is grown too dry or propagated otherwise 
than from seed. Seedlings are always best, but, of 
course, fancy varieties cannot be certainly perpetuated 
by seed. There are hosts of these, which vary both 
in form, size and color. There are aureas, luteas, 
albas and Columbias, some are slightly glaucous, many 
are dwarf, such as globosa compacta, Ellwangeriana, 
etc. ; others are erect, some are pendulous, while such 
as Spaethii break into two forms of growth and the 
strange Theodonensis has thickened branches. A 
sowing of seed from cultivated plants may possibly 
produce any of these, for mostly all forms of the fancy 
kinds have been selected and perpetuated by nursery- 
men. Thujas shear readily and are useful for hedges 
and topiary work. In hot, dry places they are subject 
to red spider and boag worms, while cutting plants 
especially are apt to suffer from snow in winter. 
Thuja orientalis, from China and Japan, is less 
hardy than the last, but stands fairly well north to 
New England. It does not attain the size of the 
American kind, but varies even more considerably. 
There are at least thirty or forty named forms. The 
strange varieties, known as ericoides and pendula, etc., 
would hardly be recognized as Thujas were it not that 
similar forms have been raised from seed and fruited 
in cultivation. T. dolobrata and its varieties are Jap- 
anese. They are handsome on moist soils and hardy to 
Central New Jersey at least, but languish on poor, dry 
sands. T. Japonica is much smaller and less hand- 
some than the typical gigantea, but is marked with 
similar whitish spots on the underside of the leaves. 
When met with it is apt to be called Thujopsis Stand- 
ishi. T. gig-antea includes as varieties plicata with 
pendulous, crested and compact forms. In British 
gardens, where specimens exist 70 feet high, it is often 
called “Lobbi.” Sometimes, too, it and forms of occi- 
Courtesy Mr. Samuel Moon 
THUJA ORIENTALIS. 
dentalis are sold as ‘‘Sibirica,” which is a trade name. 
It grows naturally from Alaska east to Idaho and 
Vorthern Montana, and south along the coast ranges 
md Sierra Nevadas to Southern California. It 
