166 
PARK AND CEMETERY 
PAMPAS GRASS (GYNERIUM ARGENTEUM. 
PAMPAS GRASS (GYNERIUM ARGENTEUM). 
By Joseph Meehan. 
Ornamental grasses justly claim a good deal of the 
attention of our gardeners, they are so effective during 
the summer season wherever planted. One of the first 
to claim attention because of its highly ornamental 
character was the pampas grass, Gynerium argenteum. 
Though a native of South America, a country thought 
to have been well traversed by botanical collectors long- 
before, it was not until 1848 that it was introduced into 
Europe. It immediately became extremely popular, 
and its popularity preceded it here, where it w-as intro- 
duced very soon after its advent into Europe. Be- 
cause it is not quite hardy enough for general 
cultivation in the north, it is not so often met with 
there as a hardy plant. The rule is to place it in a 
cellar over winter. But commencing at Philadelphia, 
and from there southwardly, it may be deemed a hardy 
plant. Philadelphians cover the roots in winter. The 
tops are cut back, some box or other contrivance placed 
over it, to keep soil from rotting it, then soil, sawdust, 
manure or the like placed over the whole, to keep frost 
out. Treated in this wav, the plants thrive and flower 
well, and their beauty when in perfection is well dis- 
played in the illustration before us. 
As the plumes are highly decorative and last for a 
long time, there is a demand for them in a commercial 
wav ; and in California quite an industry is maintained 
in the production of them. Both in their natural state 
and when dyed there is a demand for them, many de- 
partment stores adding them to the list of articles they 
keep for sale. Besides the normal, white flowered one, 
there is another, perhaps two, in which variations in 
color have appeared, some being of purplish tint, others 
of a yellowish white. Though perfect seeds can be had 
at times, propagation by dividing the roots is the plan 
most followed. This is best done in spring. The 
plant illustrated has about 75 flower spikes on it, a 
not uncommon number from a vigorous clump. 
Although preferring a well-drained position, the 
pampas grass delights in heat and moisture when grow- 
ing freely. 
In connection with Eulalias, bamboos and like grasses 
and reeds, the pampas grass is a great feature in our 
summer gardens. Beds of grasses alone and of 
grasses as companions for other plants are to 
be seen on all large estates. The Eulalias and 
bamboos do not make the display of flowers the pam- 
pas does, but they are hardier, being largely Japanese 
plants. 
When the plumes of the pampas or of any other 
grass are wanted for winter use, they should be cut 
in summer, as soon as in full display, their lasting 
qualities being enlarged by this. 
LANDSCAPE "ARCHITECT” OR "GARDENER”? 
One of the latest and most authoritative discussions 
of the ever present question of whether “landscape 
gardener" or “landscape architect" be the proper term, 
is to be found in the following letter, recently written 
to the Boston Herald by Mr. Frederick Law Olmsted, 
Jr.: 
“In the course of your editorial on Monday, speak- 
ing in the highest terms of the late Frederick Law 
Olmsted, occurs the question : “Who in the world first 
put into anybody’s head this recent fad of calling a 
landscape gardener a landscape architect?’ The ques- 
tion may be answered in a general way by the state- 
ment that Frederick Law Olmsted used this designation 
in connection with the first professional work he un- 
dertook — Central Park, New York, in 1857 — and 
continued to use it during the whole of his career. 
His example has probably had more to do with the 
general adoption of the term than any other influence. 
“In view of the denunciation of the term ‘landscape 
architect’ in your editorial may I suggest that Mr. Olm- 
sted was very careful and thoughtful in his use of 
words, and that he had probably given much more 
careful consideration to the term than the person whose 
sentiments your editorial voices? 
“Mr. Olmsted’s avoidance of the term ‘landscape 
gardening’ as a general designation of the art which 
