PARK AND CEMETERY 
25 
found growing in alluvial deposit. 1 hat such a beau 
tiful tree should escape man’s further distribution 
would be impossible, and we therefore find it dis- 
seminated toward the west over a wide area. Whether 
success has been attained west of Chicago on the same 
latitude I do not know, but doubt it, except locally. 
Although indigenous to some parts of Chicago, its 
hardiness in other parts of the city is not only ques- 
tioned, but the facts show that it winter kills on the 
plain or prairie soil, being a little more hardy on the 
alluvial soil near the lake in the northern part of the 
city, but nowhere are found such trees as in the south- 
ern part referred to before. 
Quite a few Tulip trees have been planted north of 
Chicago, and as far as Waukegan one may meet 
healthy and vigorous looking trees locally. The soil 
here is the same glacial drift as mentioned before. 
Now as to reasonable conclusions : 
First, let us admit that the constitution of single 
specimens varies just as in animal life. Trees that 
survive under adverse conditions naturally have been 
favored with a strong constitution ; but is not their abil- 
ity to withstand winter’s ravages facilitated and made 
possible through the nourishment obtained from the 
soil in which they have been planted ? 
Does it not seem that the glacial drift gives those 
questionably hardy trees some advantages ? The 
depth of leaching and oxidation on the level plain 
(glacial drift) is given to two feet, whereas that of 
the moraine is from 5 to 6 feet. This difference is 
due to the flatness of the plain and to the later date 
at which the plain was exposed to atmospheric action. 
This variation is a strong argument in favor of trees 
planted on the moraine and one of the chief causes 
of their success here. 
Sufficient depth of oxidation and good drainage is, 
with few exceptions, essential to strong and healthy 
tree growth. The drained plain is still inferior in this 
respect to the higher and older moraine deposit ; on 
the former the subsoil remains cloggy and during wet 
seasons holds back the water to an extent detrimental 
to the welfare of a great variety of trees and shrubs. 
On the sandy (alluvial) lands in the northern part 
of the city insufficient drainage can not be the cause ; 
perhaps some significance should be attached to the 
less fertile soil. That the Tulip, too, is indigenous to 
the east side of Lake Michigan is due to the great in- 
fluences of the lake in tempering the dry west winds. 
This influence decreases toward the head of the lake, 
and with it disappears the tulip tree. 
What drainage means to tender varieties is shown 
in the following instance : Up to the time of the un- 
usually cold winter of 1898-99 there stood on the home 
grounds of the late R. Douglas, of Waukegan, a 
beautiful specimen of the tulip tree, then about thirty 
years old. But this winter, fatal to so many trees 
and shrubs, proved too much for this tree, and it was 
winter-killed. 
A short distance away, in the cemetery of the city of 
Waukegan are two tulip trees planted about the same 
time as the one mentioned above, still in good condi- 
tion and not harmed during the winter of 1898-99. 
Mr. Tb. Douglas attributes this to the more favorable 
situation of the cemetery trees in regard to drainage, 
these occupying a place close to the public highway and 
thus favored in severe rainstorms by being relieved of 
surplus water. The killing freeze of 1898 was pre- 
ceded bv a heavy rainfall. 
EASTER LILY OF BERMUDA. 
By Joseph Meehan. 
The Easter lily, Lilium Harrisi, as it is called, is 
looked on by everyone as the one flower of all to be 
looked for at Easter, and many, many thousands are 
BERMUDA EASTER LILY. 
sold every season in all of our large cities. It is such 
a lovely flower, with such delicate perfume, that a pot 
of it in bloom is as nice a plant as one could have in 
a room at Easter, or indeed at any time. Lilies had 
been grown before, but never one to the extent this 
has. It has never been clearly settled whether the 
Bermuda Easter lily is a distinct sport from the old 
Lilium longiflorum, or simply a change of character 
brought about by reason of its long sojourn in Ber- 
muda, whence it came to Philadelphia. At any rate, let 
its true botanical position be where it will, it is a great 
acquisition and much superior to longiflorum, which 
