PARK AND CEMETERY 
69 
worse on account of the inability to cover the territory 
soon enough. Some of these latter trees were badly 
eaten in spite of all our efforts. It is safe to assert 
that from seventy-live to eighty per cent, of our elm 
trees showed but little if any injury to their foliage. 
James Draper. 
THE LOGAN MONUMENT, WASHINGTON, 
D. C. 
The statue of Gen. Logan, shown in the accompany- 
ing illustration, is one of the most noteworthy of re- 
cent additions to American equestrian statuary. The 
design has been the subject of much controversy in 
the artistic world, both on account of the general ex- 
THE EOGAN MONUMENT, WASHINGTON, D. C. 
cellence of the work and by reason of the controversy 
as to the historical accuracy of the bas-relief scenes 
depicted on it. On the eastern face of the pedestal, 
the General is represented as taking the oath of office 
as senator in company with other senators who were 
not present on that occasion. On the west side he 
is shown in a group of army officers. The sculptor, 
Mr. Franklin Simmons, is quoted as maintaining that 
artistic accuracy and not historical accuracy was his 
aim in modelling these scenes. This brings forward 
the question as to whether the attaining of a certain- 
artistic effect is sufficient to justify the disregard of 
history. This question aside, the consensus of opinion 
has awarded to this work a prominent place among 
the many public monuments in different parts of the 
country that bear evidence to j\Ir. Simmons’ skill. 
Both pedestal and statue are of bronze, the founda- 
tion stone alone being granite. At the corners of the 
pedestal are fluted pilasters, projecting slightly be- 
yond the die on which are the bas-relief scenes, and 
at the ends, allegorical figures, representing Peace 
and War. The equestrian statue is double life size 
and shows Gen. Logan riding at a slow trot along 
the line of battle, his sword held low in his right 
hand. The attitude is one of dignity and strength, 
suggesting ease, grace and power. The combined 
height of pedestal and statue is 34^2 feet, the statue 
itself being about 15 feet. The weight of the horse 
and rider is 15 tons. The total cost of the work was 
$65,000, of which $50,000 was appropriated by con- 
gress, and $15,000 by the Grand Army of the Re- 
public. 
THE PROPOSED NATIONAL PARK IN NEW 
MEXICO. 
Within the limits of the proposed new national 
park in New Mexico are included the ruins of the 
oldest houses and towns ever discovered on the conti- 
nent, says the Chicago Tribune. Authorities differ as 
CO their age and there is no doubt that the different 
ruins represent not only different centuries but are 
even thousands of years apart in the dates of their 
construction. Some of the oldest are believed by 
scientists to have been built and occupied by men five 
thousand years before Columbus discovered America. 
Others are relics of the time of the Spanish occupa- 
tion, while in the pueblos, which are still occupied 
by tribes of Indians, are found dwellings of the same 
general character enduring down to the present day. 
One difficulty which the scientists find in fixing 
the approximate age of these cliff and cave dwell- 
ings is found in the fact that no bronze implements 
of any kind have been found among them. Generally 
speaking, the stone race was followed by the bronze 
age in the prehistoric development of man. Each 
age was marked by a corresponding development in 
the building of dwellings and towns. The ruins of 
the cliff dwellers are puzzling because while they be- 
long to the so-called bronze age in the evolution of 
architecture the implements and tools found with 
them are exclusively of stone and bone.’ 
The country which it is proposed to set aside as 
a national park is a tremendous plateau, cut up into 
enormously deep canons, the walls of which are some- 
times thousands of feet deep. It is the wildest and 
most forbidding country on the continent. During 
the greater part of the year the water supply is poor 
and only when the snow melts in the spring are the 
depths of the canons filled with roaring torrents of 
water. Here and there are fertile valleys, but the 
greater part of the tract consists of barren cliffs, 
honeycombed with countless deep and precipitous 
gorges. 
