PARK AND CEMETE-RY 
111 
ill parts of the northern Mississippi valley the former 
is regarded as more desirable than the Oriental. 
In this connection it is interesting to note that 
some hold to the opinion that in the northeastern 
section of New England the Oriental Plane is not 
hardy, and to substantiate their claims ask to have a 
single large specimen pointed out to refute their 
claims. 
In localities where they thrive we believe the Red, 
White, Laurel, Water, Scarlet, Pin and Live Willow, 
Upland Willow, Shingle and Chestnut oaks are good, 
although some of these species have not yet grown 
a sufficient length of time upon city streets to war- 
rant unqualified recommendation. 
The Carolina, Balsam and Aspen leaved Poplars 
are worthy of consideration where quick effect is de- 
sired, but the borers are an effective enemy of them 
and constitute a demerit in the tree. Lurthermore, 
in the northern districts they are apt to be broken by 
the winter’s winds while they are heavily burdened 
with snow or ice. 
Lombardy and Bolleana Poplars and Lastigiate Red 
maples, oak, etc., are suitable narrow crowned trees 
and may be used where buildings are very close to the 
planting strip. 
The female Ailanthus is now offered in the market 
and though somewhat brittle, it withstands separate 
and combined adverse circumstances peculiar to 
street trees to a degree far exceeding almost if not 
quite every other species. 
Hackberries we believe wouUl be good, but to our 
knowledge there have been no tests upon a scale 
sufficiently large to warrant the deduction of con- 
clusions therefrom. 
Bitter-fruited Hickories are especially good in the 
middle west. Maples are, upon the whole, well suited 
to the northern section of the country east of the 
Mississippi. However, Red maples should be used 
only where the soil is naturally or artificially provided 
with considerable moisture unless the plants have 
been grafted, as is very commonly the case, upon the 
Silver maple. 
In the New England states the Sugar maples have 
in recent years been seriously affected by a patho- 
logical ailment, as also by larvae. The former dis- 
figures and sometimes even destroys large-sized 
trees. 
In the central states the Norway maple is affected 
by having its midsummer growth retarded, otherwise 
it is one of the best street trees in the northern and 
middle sections. 
The Soft maple is largely used and has many vir- 
tues. Its principal demerit in northern localities is 
its soft wood, which is easily broken during severe 
winters. 
The European Linden is in general a good street 
tree for the northern section of the eastern United 
States and the American Linden is possibly better, 
though few of Tilia heterophylla or T. pubescens are 
planted. The principal objection to Lindens is their 
liability to borer attack. 
Ashes are of some value, the Eraximus Ameri- 
cana being best for northern and eastern United 
States. E. viridis is also good. E. excelsior, rhe 
European species, is less desirable by reason of its 
more frequent infection by borers. 
Tidip trees may be good for moist and fertile 
soils, but we hdve not yet seen sufficient experiments 
to warrant a conclusion. 
The Horse chestnuts are not long lived nor sturdv 
in old age and offer too great an induceme.nt for boys 
to injure them in procuring the fiowers and fruit. 
Lurthermore, where heavy traffic over their roots and 
close to their trunks is continuous there appears a 
tendency to weaken the vitality of the trees. Though 
tliey have many demerits, there are occasional sym- 
metrical, dense and thrifty specimens of Aesculus 
Hippocastanum, A. glalira and A. carnea upon the 
streets of the northern cities. 
Ginkgo biloba, the maidenhair tree, is prized for 
its immunity to fungous and insect ravages. As an 
individual its irregular and sturdy branches are pic- 
turesque and well suited to the association of archi- 
tectural structures, but as a street tree it requires 
considerable pruning to preserve a symmetrical 
crown. Comment upon this tree must also be quali- 
fied during its experimental stage. With its many 
virtues it has but a single prominent demerit, i. e., 
the shape and position of its leaves tend to allow the 
sun’s rays to pass through the canopy of foliage 
rather too freely to make a heavy and dense shade. 
Catalpas we would consider ejuite unsatisfactory 
in general — being too brittle- to withstand the rigors 
of the winter wind and ice and later becoming too 
thin and sprawly and irregular. They are better 
suited to the middle west and will grow in somewhat 
sterile and dry soil. 
In the southern states -Magnolia grandiflora is 
good, but the continued falling of leaves is an ob- 
jection. 
Acer negundo is a rapid growing but not a spe- 
cially desirable tree. It endures intense heat and 
somewhat dry soil and for these reasons is note- 
worthy. 
Melia azaderach umbraculifera is a very rapid 
growing tree, but rather short lived, and therefore 
a more or less temporary tree. 
The Cedrela has, to our knowledge, not yet been 
tried and may prove a desirable sort, as also the 
Virgilia lutea (Cladrastis tinctoria). 
Hickoria pecan is too tall and spindly to be choice. 
The Mulberries are sometimes affected by insects 
in the lower south, but in the middle south they often 
are found to be very desirable trees. 
