135 
PARK AND CEMETERY 
GARDEN PLANIS-THEIR GEOGRAPHY— LXIX. 
EUPHORBI ALES— Continued. 
BUXUS AND CROTON ALLIANCE. 
Buxiis has twenty species and a number of varie- 
ties in the Northern Hemisphere, South Africa, and 
Madagascar. “Boxwoods” are hardy to the lower 
lakes, beyond which they soon become tender. B. 
sempervirous has perhaps a score of varieties, tree 
like, and dwarf, some of them prettily variegated. 
Used in good proportion they are quite effective. B. 
Wallichiana is a good sized Himalayan tree. B. Bal- 
earica also grows to a good size in suitable climates. B. 
Japonica, B. microphylla, and B. Harlandi, are Jap- 
anese and Chinese kinds. Most of the boxwoods do 
well under the shade of the lighter trees, and in heavy 
soils. B. Macowani is a South African tree of from 
forty to eighty feet, with a trunk diameter up to three 
and one-half or four feet. It should be tried in Cali- 
fornia. The common vars. planted on a sloping bank 
would form a fine background for castor oil plants, 
Phyllanthus, and low Euphorbia. 
BUXUS SEMPERVIRENS SUFFRU TICOSA. 
Pachysandra has two species, procumbens, a na- 
tive of the southern Alleghanies, and the Japanese P. 
terminalis, with variegated leaves. Both are excel- 
ent dwarf evergreens, and work in excellently as cov- 
ering plants among boxwoods. 
Phyllanthus has 480 species scattered over the 
world, many of them humble enough. A few of the 
tropical shrubs with pink and white variegated foliage 
are among the most handsome of summer bedding 
plants. It is best to use them when two or three years 
old. They are not quite easy to propagate under ordi- 
nary conditions, and consequently are uncommon, but 
root cuttings with bottom heat in spring strike very 
well. They grow well, lift easily and are clean. 
Aleurites in three species are natives of the Pacific 
Islands and Japan. They are among those which form 
corollas. A species called A. “Moluccana” is in south 
California gardens. 
Croton has 530 species in warm and temperate 
regions other than Europe. Those who desire to know 
a Croton should ask a local botanist to show them C. 
capitatus, a native from New Jersey southward and 
westward. Along the Mexican border there are a 
score of species. Most of them are perennial or annual 
herbs ; some are pubescent shrubs. C. Tiglium is the 
croton-oil plant. C. rosmarinifolius is an Australian 
species. 
Codiaeiini has but three or four species at most 
and these are from the Malayan Archipelago, Tropical 
Australia and neighboring Pacific islands. In Ceylon 
and eastward C. variegatum and its varieties are used 
as hedges, but not on the mountains. From tropical 
gardens quite a number of varieties have been received 
in Europe from time to time, beginning early in the 
nineteenth century with such forms as crispus, medius, 
and pictus. Then besides these natural variations they 
have been hybridized until now there is practically no 
end to their forms 'of leaf and coloring. They are won- 
derfully beautiful, stand the sun perfectly in all places 
I have seen, and sometimes stand through the winters 
in extreme south Florida, but at the north can only be 
effectively used by such parks, cemeteries, or individ- 
uals as can afford to house them during winter in 
tropical plant houses. They are subject to insects in 
such places and require skilful propagation and care, 
but given these conditions they form exceedingly ef- 
fective beds during the warmest summer months, and 
are very appropriate accompaniments of fine sculpture 
CODIAEUM, VAR.MACUUATUM KATONII. 
or achitecture. It is best to use good sized plants 
thickly, as shown in the engraving. When lifting time 
comes let the Codiaeums be among the first to receive 
attention, for if they become chilled they cannot be 
