419 
PARK AND CEMETERY 
Garden Plants— Their Geography— EXXXIII 
(Coniferales, Continued.) 
Sciadopitys verticillata, the “umbrella pine,” is a 
remarkable monotypic plant from Japan, with leaves 
in whorls at the ends of the branches, much as the 
leaves of the Cycadese are whorled at the summit of 
SCIADOPITYS VERTICILLATA. 
the stems. The cones are solitary, and the males at 
least terminal. There are two cotyledones. It seems 
best to keep it with the Arancarieae, as some botanists 
do, for there is nothing else to represent that sub- 
tribe in the northeastern states. On the mountains 
of Nippon the tree attains to lOO or sometimes 150 feet 
high, but although it has been in British gardens 
since 1861, there are no large specimens, nor is it any 
better in the States. So far as I have seen, the largest 
is about 15 feet high and dwindling. The tree is 
hardy as far north as Portland, Maine, but is not 
mentioned in the Ottawa Arboretum list. It is very 
likely that a tree from the comparatively humid cli- 
mate of the central and southern mountains of Japan 
will need some care as to the selection of stations for 
its best development, and soils too that do not suffer 
from extremes of dryness. I fancy that it, like the 
Araucaria imbricata, will reach its best development 
on parts of the southern Alleghanies, and west of 
the Cascades in Oregon. The best specimens in Eng- 
land are in the southwestern counties, where the tem- 
perature and humidity are both fairly uniform. Young 
specimens of the umbrella pine cannot be spared from 
the pinetum, however, and it would be well to plant 
it in partially shaded positions and moist (not wet) 
soil. The Japanese and Chinese distinguish a few 
varieties with large, yellowish and variegated leaves 
and dwarf growth. 
Cunnitighainia sinensis is another monotypic 
plant from southern China. It was first proven 
hardy in Britain at Claremont, about 1816, but 
there are few notable specimens to be found. The 
finest tree I have seen in the States was in the garden 
of a Mrs. Lyon at Columbia, S. C. It must have been 
sixty feet high in 1875, and planted long before the 
war. I have a photo of a large one in Georgia, but 
it is poor and cannot be used. Cunninghamia grows 
with great rapidity and manages to exist as far north 
as Princeton, N. J., but suffers a good deal in severe 
winters. It has a varietv called glauca. 
Araucaria in 10 or ii species are natives of southern 
Chile, the mountains of Brazil not far from the Ar- 
gentine border, Norfolk Island, New Caledonia and 
the Pacific Islands, New Guinea and Australia. The 
Chilian A. imbricata is the most hardy, doing very 
well at Victoria, British Columbia, and at Balestrand, 
Norway, N. lat. 61° 15'. The finest specimen in Brit- 
ain is the famous one at Dropmore, which must be 
now about 80 feet high. There is or was a row at 
Dunrobin Castle, Scotland, not far from 35 ft. high. A 
specimen stood for several years at the east end of the 
Agricultural building at Washington, but was killed 
by frost and drought together, when about eight feet 
high. It is probable that this tree, like the Sciadopitys, 
YOUNG ARAUCARIAS. 
A. Bidwillii. A. excelsa. 
will do best on the southern mountains, and west of 
the Cascades. 
A. excelsa, the Norfolk Island pine, was really dis- 
covered by the immortal Captain Cook, who “took no- 
