472 
PARK AND C£M£TE:RY. 
THree New Garden BooRs. 
Henderson’s Picturesque Gardens and Ornamental Gar- 
dening Illustrated, by Charles Henderson; New York, Peter 
Henderson & Co., 1901; price, $2.50: 
This beautifully illustrated book shows some of the finest 
examples of artistic landscape and lawn effects that can be 
found in this country, and includes every variety of garden 
and lawn decoration. Each page contains large half-tone 
views, accompanied by terse and entertaining descriptions, 
and expert advice for successful ornamental planting. Some 
of the subjects treated of are: Gateways and Entrances, 
Lawns and Their Embellishment, City Gardens and Lawns, 
Hardy Herbaceous Plants and Borders, Hardy Shrubs and 
Shrubberies, Aquatics and Water Gardens, Bog or Marsh 
Gardens, Rockeries and Rock Gardens, Hardy Perns and Fern- 
eries, Wild Gardens and Naturalizing, Vines and Their Pic- 
turesque Use, Piazza and Balcony Decorations, etc. 
Sun Dials and Roses of Yesterday, by Alice Morse Earle; 
The MacMillan Company, New York, 1902; price, $2.50 net: 
I'his quaintly charming volume of garden delights is a 
companion book to the same author’s “Old Time Gardens,” 
which has ^been reviewed in these columns, and is, in fact, 
a result of that work, which contained a chapter on sun- 
dials. Since its publication, Mrs. Earle received so many 
inquiries about sun-dials, their history, construction, etc., that 
she was induced to write this book. She says in her preface : 
“I found that many of my friends were placing sun-dials 
upon pedestals in their gardens, or upon the walls of their 
houses, or wished to erect them as memorials, and were eager 
to learn of all dials. A general interest in them seemed to 
have risen in America, as it has ever existed in Scotland and 
England. * * * The union of the subject of roses with 
that of sun-dials has not been through any relation of one to 
the other, but simply a placing together of two ‘garden de- 
lights’ — to use Bacon’s term — and with somewhat of the 
thought that as a dial standing alone in a garden was a bit 
, bare without flowers, so it was likewise in a book.” The 
book is permeated with the same charm and sentiment that 
characterized “Old Time Gardens,” and should meet with the 
same warm welcome from lovers of sun-dials and garden 
lore. The book contains 461 pages, and is handsomely bound 
and profusely illustrated from photographs and drawings. 
Some of the chapters are : Classification of Sun-Dials, Con- 
struction of Sun-Dials, Portable Dials, Symbolic Designs for 
Sun-Dials, Pedestals and Gnomons, The Setting of Sun- 
Dials, The Sun-Dial as a Memorial, Coi;cerning Roses and 
Garlands, The Emblem of the Rose in English History, etc. 
English Pleasure Gardens, by Rose Standish Nichols; Mac- 
millan & Company, New York, 1902; price, $4.00 net: 
This handsome garden book is a history of European gar- 
dens and gardening, broad in scope and systematically 
planned to trace the effect of the different styles of the gar- 
dening of the past on the modern English garden. It is illus- 
trated witli eleven plans drawn by Allen H. Cox, and nearly 
300 reproductions of original photographs and drawings by 
the author. European gardens, and those of all countries and 
all ages, are graphically portrayed and given life and human 
interest with the aid of history and literature. The author 
takes the point of view that modern garden design has not 
kept pace with horticulture and botany. She says : “Theo- 
ries have been advanced to raise its standard, but in such a 
partisan spirit and from such a one-sided standpoint that 
they have accomplished little. Each Englishman who at- 
tempts to explain how a garden should be planned seems to 
have agreed to differ from every other expert who has pre- 
viously expounded his theory on the subject.” There is little 
of the critical in the book, however, and the author does not 
appear as a partisan of any school. The characteristics of the 
different schools are considered and the development of the 
garden traced through its successive stages from the time of 
the Norman Conquest, when it developed certain distinctive 
features, through the Italian Renaissance, French, Dutch, and 
Chinese styles, down to the modern garden. The table of 
contents shows very accurately the scope of the book, and is 
as follows : Classic Pleasure Grounds, Monastic Gardens, 
The Medireval Pleasauncc, Tudor Gardens, The Elizabethan 
Flower-Garden, Gardens of the Stuarts, French Fashions, 
Italian Villa Gardens, Eighteenth Century Extremes, Modern 
Gardens. An Appendix giving a sketch of Anglo-Saxon 
horticulture and a bibliography of garden literature, are also 
valuable features of the book. 
Some Recent I^egal Decisions. 
The constitution and statutes of Kentucky exempt from 
taxation places of burial, not held for private or corporate 
profit, and institutions of purely public charity. Under these 
provisions, the Court of Appeals of Kentucky hold, in Com- 
monwealth vs. Lexington Cemetery Co., (70 Southwestern Re- 
porter, 280), that whilst this company’s place of burial is ex- 
pressly exempted, money and notes held and owned by it are 
liable to taxation. The court says that whilst it fully appre- 
ciates and approves the well-nigh universal sentiment that the 
graves of the dead should be decently and tenderly cared for, 
there can be no escape from the conclusion that the com- 
pany is not an institution of public charity, as contemplated 
by the constitution and statute. That all persons who are 
willing and able to pay the prices charged may have lots in its 
burying grounds and become stockholders, certainly does not 
bring it within the scope of institutions of public charity. 
By the verbal permission of a lot owner his brother-in-law 
buried his deceased wife on the lot. Her grave was never 
marked with a headstone. Some seven years afterwards, the 
cemetery authorities needing the lot to enlarge a building that 
was upon the grounds, directed their superintendent to get 
the lot if he could. The original owner of the lot having 
also died, the superintendent saw his son, and arranged with 
him for the lot, and under his direction removed the bodies 
that were buried thereon, the graves of the original owner 
and his wife and children all being marked with headstones. 
Then, some months later the brother-in-law of the original 
owner learned what had been done, and sued the cemetery- 
commissioners for damages. He claimed that, where a body 
is removed from its burial place without notice to the rela- 
tives, the latter have a cause of action against the person 
causing the removal. But the supreme court of Michigan is 
of the opinion that the record did not disclose such a state 
of facts as to call for the discussion of any legal questions. 
So far as it disclosed anything, it showed, as before stated, 
the title of the lot was in the party above referred to as the 
lot owner; that all the graves that were marked were the 
graves of his family. It did not show that either the com- 
missioners or the superintendent had any knowledge, prior 
to the removal of the body, of the burial upon this lot of 
any persons except the lot owner and the members of his 
family. It was not the purpose of the trustees to arbitrarily 
take possession of this lot, but only to do so by the consent 
of those having an interest therein. The consent of the per- 
son who had the apparent right to give consent was obtained, 
and the removals were made under his direction. 
