The bureau to consist of a forester for 
each borough. The supervision and direc- 
tion of all features connected with tree and 
plant culture of each borough should be 
under the control of the forester for that 
borough who should work under the direc- 
tion and approval of the park commission- 
er. The work of each forester should be 
independent of the work of the other for- 
esters except in such matters as stated 
hereafter. The yearly salary of the fores- 
ters should be $1,800 minimum and $4,000 
maximum. This is merely suggestive, the 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
nicipal nursery. This is very important, 
since the training and experience of the 
forester would enable him to specify the 
varieties of trees that would be best 
adapted for the future work which he has 
in mind. The selection of trees 'adapted to 
city conditions is a very important ques- 
tion, since the expense of future care de- 
pends to a great e.xtent on this. I'he ques- 
tion of municipal nurseries will be taken 
up later. 
The forester should also outline general 
culture methods for trees already estab- 
105 
cides, fungicides, etc., for which the city 
spends yearly large amounts of money 
would be handled in a more satisfactory 
way. The proper materials would be used, 
consequently bringing about the greatest 
results in this connection. 
'I'he forester should act in an advisory 
capacity in regard to damages to trees. One 
of the agents in killing trees is the escap- 
ing gas. The forester should pass judg- 
ment on this question, as well as the many 
others connected with ihe damage to trees. 
In the case of trees cared for by private 
ORIENTAL SYCAMORE.S, VANDERBILT AVENUE, STATEN 
ISLAND, NEW YORK. 
Planted about twenty years: require little attention: well-dis- 
tributed foliase in summer makes ftood shade: white bark and 
pendulous fruit give striking appearance in winter. 
RESULTS ON NEW YORK STREET PLANTED WITH UNDE- 
SIRABLE VARIETIES. 
Not uniform in size, distance of spacing or in habits of. growth: 
trees of different varieties planted liaphazard: results of care- 
less planting by undirected efforts of individual property owners. 
point to be borne in mind is that a man 
of special training and experience should 
be in charge of this sort of work and a 
salary sufficient to command this service 
should be allowed. In speaking of mimi- 
mum salary it would be well to begin at a 
definite salary with a definite yearly in- 
crease. In case the $1,800 minimum sal- 
ary is adopted an increase of $150 per year 
would warrant the keeping of the same 
man, which is an important feature in this 
work. The position should be filled by 
Civil Service examinations of the appli- 
cants. Each forester should be a man of 
scientific training along lines of tree cul- 
ture including forestry, horticulture, den- 
drology, plant pathology, entomology and 
landscape gardening. He should have had 
at least three years of practical experience 
in city forestry. 
It may be important in this connection to 
specify some of the different things that 
a forester should and would do. A for- 
ester should begin the collection of data 
for a tree census of his borough. This 
would be important, as it would be a com- 
plete inventory of the state of work re- 
garding the trees and the opportunities for 
future work. As soon as any work is 
done upon trees or plants the same should 
be noted on the census. In other words, 
the tree census would be a condensed state- 
ment of all the information regarding the 
trees. 
He should specify the material for mu- 
lished. Methods which would tend toward 
a permanent development in a systematic 
manner at a minimum expense. On ac- 
count of his direct contact with the details 
of his work, he would know the physical 
condition of the trees and would, therefore, 
be the one to pass judgment on all trees 
as to their health, safety and variety. He 
should be in touch with the workings of 
the engineering department of his borough 
is so far as the matter of future streets is 
concerned ; he should consult with this de- 
partment so that provisions will be made 
at the outset for the planting and future 
development of trees. This is a very im- 
portant feature and one that would tend 
not only to lower expense of future care 
and maintenance of trees but would also 
bring about the greatest opportunity for 
planting trees in a systematic way. It would 
also mean the acquiring of trees which, 
given proper consideration, would be much 
more economical and satisfactory than the 
adapting of trees to severe existing condi- 
tions. 
The forester should be the person to se- 
lect equipment and materials for his de- 
partment. On account of his experience he 
would know the efiui()ment of tools with 
which his men could work to the best ad- 
vantage and which would be the most eco- 
nomical for the city. The matter of ma- 
terials is a very important one and his su- 
perior judgment should be brought to bear 
on their selection. The question of insecti- 
organizations or associations, the forester 
should have full control of the supervision 
of such work. In other words, the man 
who handles the work for the organization 
or association should be directed by the 
forester. 
In the matter of issuing permits, the for- 
ester's office would be the proper source for 
these, also the handling of complaints as 
to the conditions of trees, methods of 
work, etc. This is highly important, since 
the training and experience of the forester 
would be helpful in explaining in an intelli- 
gent way the work that his forces are doing 
and consequently settling disputes that con- 
stantly come up between the owners of 
property and the city regarding trees which 
are being cared for liy the city. When 
trees are planted by contract, the forester 
should act in a professional capacity. That 
is, he should handle the specifications and 
keep in close touch with the details of the 
work being done by contract, signing all 
certificates for such work. In brief, the 
duties of a forester should be advisory, as 
well as having general supervision over the 
city’s vegetation. 
'file superintendent of parks should hire 
the workmen that do the actual work in 
the forestry department. Hy keeping in 
close touch with the superintendent of 
parks, the forester could lay out bis work 
in advance and arrange with the su()erin 
teiident for the required mimlier of men. 
This is rather important, since the political 
