PARK AND CEMETERY. 
171 
(3) Tilia vulgaris (The European Lin- 
den.) 
This is the tree so much used as a street 
tree in European cities. It is a beautiful 
tree in both form and foliage and its 
bloom is delightful in fragrance. The tree 
is thoroughly hardy, succeeds under the 
adverse conditions of a city street and is 
Tilia tomentosa, the Silver Linden. These 
have not been used so long as street trees 
in -America and so less is known about 
them. 
(4) Acer platanoides (The Norway 
Maple). 
This is the best Maple which can be 
grown successfully on city streets. There 
Gingko. The Norway Maple is to be rec- 
ommended for use on residence streets 
where fair-sized tree pits or parking areas 
are available, and the beauty of a street 
planted to Norway Maples when the trees 
are well grown is unsurpassed. 
(5) Quercus palustris (The Pin Oak). 
While less hardy than the Plane and 
THE GINKGO IN AX)VERSE CITY CONDITIONS. 
Growinsr in an opening less than two feet in diameter 
and with trunk over half girdled by injury for many 
years, it still appears in perfect health. 
FORMALLY PRUNED POPLARS ON FIFTH AVE- 
NUE, NEW YORK. 
Pleasing effect secured on a busy street by trees kept 
low by severe pruning. One of the most successful 
blits of tree planting in New York. 
a rapid grower, yet takes kindly to severe 
pruning. 
The Linden has received a bad name in 
New York because many of the varieties 
which have been used lose their foliage in 
the warm weather of July and August, due 
to the attacks of the red spider. If the 
true Tilia vulgaris is used this trouble 
will usually not be experienced. Great care 
should be exercised in securing the true 
species, as nurserymen often offer under 
the name vulgaris another species (Tilia 
platyphyllos) the large-leaved European 
Linden which is badly affected by the red 
spider and is a generally inferior tree in 
many ways. There are two other lindens, 
probably equally as good for street use as 
Tilia vulgaris. These are Tilia cordata, 
the small-leaved European Linden, and 
are several horticultural varieties of this 
tree on the market which may prove su- 
perior to the type when better known. 
The varieties differ from the type prin- 
cipally in form. Two of the best are var 
globosum, which is very round and formal, 
and var columnare, which is tall and col- 
umnar. The type tree forms a round- 
headed, attractive appearing tree so well 
known that a detailed description is not 
necessary. While subject to a number of 
insect pests the tree can be kept in good 
health with reasonable care. The Norway 
Maple stands street conditions very well, 
but it is less hardy than the Plane and 
Gingko, and should only be used where 
soil and moisture conditions are fairly 
good. It is not as well adapted for use 
beneath gratings as the Linden, Plane or 
Gingko, the Pin Oak will make a splendid 
growth in a very restricted area if soil 
conditions are reasonably good. Being a 
slow grower, it is very easy to keep it of 
small size by pruning, and in this way the 
top may be kept in balance with the root 
growth where the space available for the 
roots is limited. An example of this is 
seen in the present successful planting on 
North Broadway, where the trees are 
growing in a few feet of soil above the 
subway roof. This tree has few enemies, 
and can easily be kept in fine foliage. It 
is adapted for use as a normal sized tree 
in deep .soil as well as for pruning to a 
limited size where the soil is shallow. The 
Pin Oak is no more hardy than the Red 
Oak, but on account of its slower growth 
