PARK AND CEMETERY. 
311 
The white-flowering Dogwood, Cornus flor- 
ida, displays its dense dusters of hand- 
some red fruits from September to Novem- 
ber. The Japanese Cornus Kousa has con- 
nate scarlet fruits that ripen in the fall 
and are very attractive. 
The Viburnums are a most attractive 
genus of handsome fruiting shrubs, and 
there are a large number of them that are 
perfectly hardy and thrive in this part of 
the world. In a general way their fruits 
are various shades of blue and red. 'The 
fruits are nearly all liorne in terminal flat 
clusters. About the first to ripen its berries 
in the blue fruited species is Viburnum 
Lantana. The fruit has a curious habit of 
assuming a red color before it turns to 
bluish black. In fact, a number of the 
species have the habit of assuming \arious 
tints before they are finally ripe. Viburnum 
dentatum, pubescens, Sieboldi, 3". 
Canbyi, V. venosum, lantanoides, V. 
aceri folium, V. cassinoides, pruni folium, 
lentago and V. rufidulum are all orna- 
mental in various shades of bluish fruits. 
In the red fruiting species. Viburnum 
Wrighti, Opulus, V. Americanum, V. 
Sargenti and V. dilatatum (with the ex- 
ception of V. Sargenti) are all remarkably 
handsome in their showy red fruit clusters. 
Mburnum Opulus and V. Americanum hold 
their fruits the greater part of the winter. 
The native Cherries are important in 
their fruitage. The Choke Cherry, Primus 
Virginiana, with its handsome clusters of 
red, dark red or yellowish red fruits, is 
very ornamental from July to September. 
.Mthough very astringent, the birds devour 
the fruits greedily and they are often quick- 
ly stripped off as soon as they are ripe. A 
variety with bright yellow fruits, which is 
said to be common in the woods around 
Montreal, is very showy. The Pin Cherry, 
Primus Pennsylvanica, has interesting clus- 
ters of pear-shaped red fruits in August 
and September. The Pdack Cherry, Primus 
Serotina, displays its clusters of black 
fruits in September. 
Coriaria Japonica is a rare Japanese 
shrub whose distinctively unique and showy 
fruits in July and .\ugust are first bright 
red and turn to violet black when fully 
ripe. The fruits of Coriarias are marked 
by a peculiar feature. They are formed by 
the enlarged and colored petals surround- 
ing the seed.s, forming the berrylike fruits. 
Among the Roses are numerous species 
that have showy fruits. The Japanese Rosa 
nigosa has remarkable showy fruits from 
midsummer to fall. Rosa blanda. R. lu- 
cida, R. canina. R. rubiginosa, R. Seti- 
gera, R. Caroliniana and R. multiflora are 
all showy in fruit. Rosa multiflora retains 
its fruits iindimmefl anil plump throughout 
the winter. 
The -American Hawthorns have come to 
the front recently. During the past four- 
teen years about nine hundred species have 
b en described. Too much attention cannot 
be paid to them, for they are splemlid dec- 
orative subjects in their beautiful showy 
fruits. The species in the different sections 
ripen their fruits at different periods, and 
the species vary greatly in the length of 
time they retain their fruits. A selection 
can be made of about sixteen species that 
will give a display of fruits from August 
until late winter. Crataegus matura ripens 
its oblong lustrous crimson fruits in -Au- 
gust. C. -Arnoldiana matures its lustrous 
red fruits about the same time. The fol- 
lowing will give a good display; Cratregus 
praecox. C. pedicellata, C. gloriosa, C. Ell- 
wangeriana, C. spissiflora, C. Champlainen- 
sis, C. -Arkansana, C. ferentaria, C. Barry- 
ana, C. compacta, C. Geneseensis, C. persi- 
milis, C. Durobrivensis and C. cordata. The 
fruits of C. cordata hang on all winter. 
The Buckthorns have mostly black fruits. 
In some of the species they are reddish be- 
fore turning black. Rhamnus alpina, R. 
cathartica, R. Purshiana and R. Dahurica 
have all interesting fruit displays. Rham- 
nus Dahurica is, perhaps, the showiest, with 
its numerous black clusters. 
The Barberries take a leading place in 
ornamental fruiting shrubs. The fruit is 
produced so abundantly, and in the various 
scarlet, red and orange-red tints the fruit 
of the different species assumes, remaining 
in good condition a long time, that they are 
indispensable in ornamental grounds. Ber- 
beris serrata is the first to ripen its red 
fruit, which is usually at the end of July 
and -August, and it is the only species in 
which the fruit drops soons after ripening. 
Berberis Chinensis, B. Canadensis, B. Poir- 
etti, B. Sibirica, P>. Regeliana, B. vulgaris 
in several varieties, B. -Amurensis, B. aris- 
tata and B. Thunbergi are all highly de- 
serving of cultivation for their fruits. Ber- 
beris Regeliana, B. vulgaris and B. .Amur- 
ensis are the most- conspicuous in their fruit 
displays. 
The Spindle Trees, or Burning Bushes 
(Euonymuses) , are remarkably conspicuous 
in their fruits. The combination of color 
is most attractive, when the pink, white or 
red capsules open, disclosing the usually 
orange seeds inside; the effect is charming. 
Alost of the species ripen their fruits from 
the first of September to the end of Octo- 
ber and are showy until late fall. The 
common Spindle Tree of Europe, Euony- 
mus Europneus, is very variable in its tint- 
ing, the fruit varving from dark crimson to 
vermilion. The Japanese Euonymus Bun- 
geainis is very distinctive with whitish arils 
and orange seeds. Other important species 
are E. -Sieboldianus, E. latifolius, E. .Ameri- 
cana, E. atropurpureus, E. I lainiltonianus, 
E. alatus and E. radicans. 
The Chokeberries are im()ortant fruiting 
shrubs. The Red Chokeberry, .Aronia ar- 
butifolia, is very showy with its red fruits 
when it is grown in dense, large clumps. 
The Black Chokeberry, .'\. melanocarpa, 
with dark lustrous fruits is attractive. 
They both ripen in .'\ugust and retain their 
fruits for a long time. 
The White I'ringe, Chionanthus A'irgin- 
ica, ripens its large handsome bluish-black 
fruits in September, and thej' are conspic- 
uous for many weeks. 
The Privets present an altogether differ- 
ent aspect from most hardy fruiting shrubs. 
The jet black shining fruits of some of 
the forms look somewhat like bunches of 
grapes. The persistent hanging of the fruit 
renders them most important features in 
the winter months. Ligustrum Ibota, L. 
Amurensis and L. vulgare in different va- 
rieties are the best species in this part of 
the world. 
The different jMountain -Ashes are re- 
markably showy in their scarlet, red or 
orange-red fruit clusters. It is a pity that 
most of the foreign species are apt to be 
attacked by blight and are inclined to be 
short-lived. The many forms of the Euro- 
pean Mountain Ash, Sorbus aucuparia, 
have all showy orange-red fruits. Sorbus 
--\niericana, S. sambucifolia, S. Matsuma- 
rana, S. alni folia and S. Thianschanica 
have alj handsome fruit displays through- 
out fall and early winter. 
The Snowberry, Symphoricarpos racemo- 
sus, is a most attractive shrub with its 
snow white fruits, the branches often bend- 
ing down under them. Throughout the 
fall and early winter they are very con- 
spicuous. The Wolfberry, Symphoricarpos 
occidentalis, very much resembles the lat- 
ter, but the fruit has not the same waxy 
whiteness. It fruits about the same time. 
The Indian Currant, Symphoricarpos vul- 
garis, ripens its red fruits late in the sea- 
son. The under sides of the branchlets are 
loaded with the coral red berries, and they 
present a most cheerful appearance among 
the snows of winter. 
The different Crab -Apples of Japan. 
China, Siberia, and Europe give interesting 
fruit displays in the fall and early winter. 
The fruits assume various colors, in yellow, 
yellowish red, red and crimson. Alalus 
spectabilis is 'about the first to ripen its 
fruits and they are usually mature in Sep- 
tember. The following are all interesting 
in their fruits: Alalus floribunda, M. bac- 
cata, M. Toringo, M. Ringo, M. Zumi, M. 
Sargenti, M. Niedwetzkyana and M. pnini- 
folia. 
The Virginia Persimmon, Diospyros \hr- 
giniana, presents a unique appearance in its 
fruits. -A tree loaded with the yellowish 
phnnlike fruits always attracts attention in 
November and December. It is perfectly 
hardy in the neighhorhood of Rochester. 
W'e have enumerated one hundred and 
ten species of hardy ornamental fruiting 
trees and shrubs, all of them possessing 
ornamental value in fruitage. If they were 
all carefull)' and tastefully grouped in any 
private or i)uhlic grounds, with suffleient 
space for their deielopmcnl, they would 
certainly furnish much enjoyment and 
pleasure to those interested. These are all 
growing in the Rochester park si’steTn, and 
a great man\- otliirs to which we have not 
alluded. 'I'hose we have recommended are 
probably sufficient at i)resent. 
J 
