PARK AND CEMETERY. 
43 
camera is especially suited for this work, 
as it reproduces the perspective and the lay 
of the ground most accurately. 
It might be well to say a word in dis- 
couragement of the practice, all too com- 
mon, of "cleaning up" a piece of land be- 
fore the landscape architect sees it. Groups 
of native shrubbery and plants often re- 
lieve the bareness of a new development 
and can be fitted into the new landscape 
with good effect. There is a growing ap- 
preciation of our native plants in all parts 
of the country. Under care and cultiva- 
tion they equal or excel in beauty many of 
the highly developed ornamentals of our 
nurseries, and have an air of dignity and 
fitness in certain situations that the latter 
often lack. 
The native trees recorded on the topo- 
graphical plant can be checked by the land- 
scape architect on the ground and a tenta- 
tive or final decision made as to those 
worth retaining. Trees that obviously 
should come out should be blazed at this 
time to insure the work being done. Na- 
tive trees are an asset that cannot be too 
thoughtfuly considered, but often it is as 
important to the landscape effect that cer- 
tain groups of trees be eliminated or 
thinned as that trees should be planted in 
other places. This, however, should be 
wholly the decision of the landscape archi- 
tect, as in the case of the other native 
plants. A very satisfactory effect for cem- 
eteries is obtained by leaving large trees 
40 to 60 feet apart, allowing sufficient light 
and air beneath for a lawn, with occa- 
sional groups of 5 to 10 trees closer and 
occasional lawn areas free from trees. In 
choosing trees to be retained, considera- 
tion should be given those which are best 
suited to the special needs of a cemetery 
and those which are most likely to survive 
under the new conditions. 
tTu he continued.) 
ATTRACTIVE EFFECTS IN EVERGREEN PLANTING 
Some of the most effective plantings of 
evergreens for cemetery landscape effects 
to be seen anywhere are to be found in 
Graceland Cemetery, Chicago, where the 
idea of utilizing evergreens in carefully 
studied effects in combination with decidu- 
ous stock has been most effectively worked 
out by O. C. Simonds, the landscape archi- 
tect of these beautiful grounds. 
Some very interesting effects have been 
worked out in Graceland for forming back- 
grounds for monuments, screening side- 
hill receiving vaults or mausoleums, and 
other special cemetery uses. The evergreen 
plantings at Graceland, illustrated in our 
last issue and in this one. were made by O. 
C. Simonds & Co. from stock furnished by 
the D. Hill Nursery Co., of Dundee, 111. 
It has been sixty years since the original 
Hill Nurseries were established. In 1855 a 
small nursery, devoted exclusively to ever- 
greens, was started at Dundee, 111. At this 
time not much was known about growing 
evergreens from a scientific standpoint, and 
only a few acres and a small number of 
men were employed. The Hill Nurseries 
have expanded until at the present time 
the nurseries, greenhouses, seeding beds. 
testing grounds, etc., cover a space of 
more than 450 acres. 
All well-drained soils are adaptable to ever- 
green plantations and the following varie- 
ties are recommended for park and cem- 
etery use : American arbor vitae, red ce- 
dars, white pine, dwarf mountain pine, 
white spruce, blue spruce, Black Hills 
spruce, dwarf junipers, Douglas fir, Con- 
colar fir, hemlocks, yews and others. 
EVERGREEN PLANTING ON CHAPEL GROUNDS, GRACELAND CEMETERY, 
CHICAGO. 
O. C. Simonds & Co., Landscape Architects. 
PARK SUPERINTENDENTS AT SAN FRANCISCO 
The seventeenth annual convention of 
the American Association of Park Super- 
intendents will be held in San Francisco, 
August 18, 19 and 20. 
The opening day, the 18th, will be de- 
voted exclusively to business sessions, 
morning, afternoon and evening, while the 
two succeeding days will be given over to 
inspection tours and social functions. 
Inasmuch as the Society of American 
Florists and the National Association of 
Gardeners have set their convention dates 
for the same week at San F'rancisco, the 
three organizations will undoubtedly bring 
together a tremendous gathering of men 
engaged in these professions. 
The Park Superintendents’ Association, 
in an effort to have as many as possible 
travel westward together, is arranging for 
a special train from Chicago through to 
San Francisco via the Pacific Northwest, 
which is conceded to be a scenic wonder- 
land. 
The party will assemble at Chicago on 
August 8 and stopovers are planned at 
Minneapolis, Glacier National Park. Spo- 
kane, Seattle, Tacoma and Portland, 
where elaborate entertainment features will 
be provided by local authorities at no ex- 
pense to the party except at the National 
Park. Members and friends and relatives 
of kindred societies will be invited to join 
the party. No specific return route is be- 
ing planned, as the length of time to be 
spent at the San Francisco and San Diego 
expositions is so much of an individual 
matter dependent on time and means and a 
teturn route via Colorado or the South is 
an open question for individual decision. 
Further details may be had from Secre- 
tary Roland \Y. Cotterill, Seattle, \\ ash. 
