173 
PARK AND CEMETERY 
CONCRETE GUTTER AND DRAIN PUMP HOUSE AND WATER TOWER IN A CONCRETE GUTTER UNDER CON- 
INLET. CEMETERY. STRUCTION. 
ging the sewers, either from road material 
or from other sources, these settling ba- 
sins should Be provided. 
The storm water sewer system is usually 
not very complex or expensive in a ceme- 
tery. An outlet into some natural water 
course or lake can nearly always be ob- 
tained within a few hundred feet, and any 
large main sewers thus avoided. It is hardly 
necessary to say that the drains for storm 
water should be laid with cemented joints. 
The water in these drains, during heavy 
rains, often flows under pressure and an 
open joint would tend to wash away the 
earth about the pipe and finally undermine 
the gutter. In places where it is neces- 
sary to cross the lot sections with these 
pipes, a special right of way, or reserve, 
is avoided if they follow paths, and for 
this reason it is well to have the lot ar- 
rangement and walks planned in advance 
of drainage. 
Sub-surface drainage is a less definite 
subject than surface drainage, and in many 
cases may not be necessary at all, owing 
to the porous soil or lack of ground wa- 
ter. In other cases, the necessity may not 
be realized until a few burials have been 
made. Places obviously in need of under 
drainage can be provided for most eco- 
nomically at the time of the original con- 
struction. In heavy soils, especially in 
ground underlaid with a layer of clay or 
hardpan, there is apt to be a considerable 
flow of water above" the more impervious 
layers, which are often shallower than the 
depth of a grave. This water will give 
great difficulty and often cause the ceme- 
tery management much embarrassment un- 
less intercepted and removed. For this 
purpose unglazed farm tile, laid with open 
joints, should be used. The outflow can 
be into the storm sewers or some channel, 
or merely on a hillside. 
The pipes should be laid one foot be- 
low the bottom of the graves and follow- 
ing the walk lines where possible in a 
system of laterals, connecting, perhaps, 
with a main pipe. 
Water supply is a most necessary con- 
sideration under the climatic conditions 
existing in most of our country. If there 
is a fixed source of supply from the city 
or other established waterworks, the prob- 
lem is greatly simplified. Pipes of suf- 
ficient size and number, with proper ar- 
rangement of valves, drains and hydrants, 
are the only consideration. If, however, 
there is no possibility of connecting with 
any waterworks, the problem involves the 
collecting of water at a suitable source — 
spring, lake or well ; the pumping by wind- 
mill, engine, motor, or hydraulic ram to 
a storage or pressure tank, and the dis- 
tribution as above stated. Pump houses 
and water towers need not be unsightly. 
They can, with careful designing, be made 
ornamental features of the landscape. 
In climates where the lawns need a great 
amount of moisture during the hot sea- 
son a more elaborate water system, known 
as a sprinkling system, with nozzles set 
flush with the ground about 25 to 30 feet 
apart, will water large areas simultane- 
ROAD PLAN FOR HIGHLAND PARK CEMETERY. PITTSBURG. KANS. 
Showing location of pipes for water supply and drainage. 
