small white berries from early in September till 
late in fall. Comus stolenifera. Cornus eoccinia 
and Cornus sanguinana are all good foliage and 
the attractive scarlet branches of the last foi :• 
named are very showy in winter and very effective 
with a background of evergreens when the ground 
is covered with snow. All the species mentioned 
are native except Cornus Mas. The Cornuses are 
not particular as to soil and will do well in either 
light or sandy land, or heavy soil and can be used 
under the shade of large trees or in the full ex- 
posure to light and sun. Cercis canadensis, local 
name Judas tree, red bud, etc., very early in spring 
PARK AND CEMETERY. 
fortunate in having so many beautiful native shrubs 
and vines the vicnity of Detroit, and all are 
listed for sale by nurserymen. Nursery grown 
stock will prove more satisfatory, as collected stock 
has to be cut back severely and given a new start 
for a year or two in the cemetery nursery, before 
being permanently placed. 
We will leave this class of ornamentals for the 
present and take up the good old fashioned her- 
baceors and other plants, so useful in nooks and 
corners. Many of them are worthy of prominent 
locations in any cemetery. The beautiful anemones, 
in their efforts to prolong the seasons floral dis- 
209 
hers, who have had perhaps a very limited train- 
ing in the art of gardening and are timid about 
handling ornamentals, being afraid of failure, etc. 
The only mistake and failure you are making is in 
not getting them. 1 lant freely of the hardy 
hybrid, perpetual roses, peonies, funkis, phloxes 
and such things in full exposure to light and sun, 
in well prepared borders made rich with plenty 
of well decayed barnyard manure. 
The grand display of flowers and foliage will 
more than repay you for the little extra labor 
and, better still, our fear of failure will be ban- 
ished for good. A long list of names of plants 
ERI, MINNEAPOLIS, AUGUST 25, 1915. 
Photo by Camera Craft, Minneapolis. 
the leafless branches and twigs of these small trees 
or shrubs are clothed in a thick mist of delicate 
deep pink flowers. Planted among the early bloom- 
ing trees they produce flue effects. They are 
equally valuable for planting in groups or individ- 
ually. Their radiant flower masses are followed 
by pleasing glossy foliage. This valuable native 
tree should be more extensively planted. It thrives 
rather well in light sandy soil, equally so, in well 
drained heavy land. The sassafras (Laurus sassa- 
fras) though the sassafras grows wild all over the 
country wherever the soil is rich and warm, in our 
woods and by the road side, it is certainly the 
most neglected, considering the rare beauty of its 
foliage of all our native trees. Grown thrifty in 
open grounds the sassafras is one of the most, if 
not the most elegant small tree of the north, 
and should be more extensively planted. Native 
sumachs (rhus) trees or shrubs with alternate, 
usually odd, primate leaves. All the species are 
beautiful and have been apparently much neg- 
lected by planters. Anyone who has observed our 
native sumachs covering rocky hillsides or rail- 
way banks, with their rich fern like verdure in 
summer, or when autumn has given them brilliant 
coloring, should appreciate their value as subjects 
for ornamental planting. 
Ailanthus glandulosa, (tree of heaven.) This 
beautiful foliaged tree, although not a native, will 
grow in very cold localities if conditions are pro- 
vided so that it can get its roots below frost 
line. We have found the roots of this tree six- 
feet below the surface on a poor sandy knoll. A 
single specimen 18 to 20 feet high and about the 
same width of head, has few equals amongst our 
trees. Its beautiful compound foliage resembles 
the sumach, but is from three to five feet long 
producing a tropical effect wherever seen. Young 
plants favored with good root conditions make a 
growth of from five to seven feet in height in a 
season, by cutting it down every spring within a 
few inches of the surface, the annual shoot will 
produce its beautiful tropical foliage and can by 
this treatment be kept at this height for several 
years. When treated this way it is useful and 
effective when brought into use at intervals, among 
some of the larger grown shrubbery beds, where 
their foliage will brighten up the dullness of the 
shrubs when out of flower. This tree is considered 
a native and erroneously called a sumach, in the 
vicinity. It is a Chinese importation of sixty or 
more years ago. 
Xanthoxylum Americana (Local name Prickly Ash) 
Indigenous in the vicinity of Detroit, Michigan. 
Its attractive primate leaves of a dark glossy, 
green, deserve a place among mixed boarders of 
strong growing shrubbery: Is not particular as to 
soil and does well In shade or full sun. We have 
had satisfactory results from the subjects referred 
to, many of them brought In from margins of 
woods and roadsides. I am sure we are very 
play. f rulv deserve to be more frequently seen. 
They bloom late in September and end only with 
killing frosts. 
Asters of the type “Novae Angliae” from one to 
six feet high, as early and late bloomers, cannot 
be surpassed with their profusion of various shades 
of blue, pink, crimson, and white flowers. Mem- 
bers of this association that attended the St. Louis 
Convention remember the gorgeous display of this 
class of plants in the botanical gardens and with 
few exceptions they were all natives of Missouri. 
Regardless of where our homes are there is an 
abundance of native herbaceous plants, shrubs and 
vines, well worth bringing in and locating in some 
appropriate place for such things. There are no 
plants that will so appreciate a little preparation 
of the soil nor are there any that will give better 
results for a special preparation, such as deep dig- 
ging of border and liberal supply of well rotted 
barn yard manure. For years I have noticed our 
lack of interest in the numerous useful and beau- 
tiful things growing wild in the vicinity of our 
homes; my appeal in their behalf is not to be con- 
strued as a reflection on the importation of orna- 
mentals from foreign countries, as our beautiful 
displays in cemeteries and parks are made up 
to a great extent of imported stock. 
I wish to impress on the minds of brother mem- 
for others to plant is not practical. It may be 
of some interest to mention useful shrubs and 
evergreens that do well at Detroit, where we have 
at times zero to sixteen below. Still Detroit ceme- 
teries will be found to contain a varied as well as 
extensive collection of flowering trees, shrubs, 
vines, evergreens and hardy herbaceous plants. 
This fall would be an excellent time to 
put some of his valuable suggestions into 
practice. 
Mr. Farmer’s paper will appear in an 
early issue. 
At the morning session of the second 
day Carl E. Kern, assistant superintendent 
of Spring Grove Cemetery, Cincinnati, O., 
discussed “The Best Method of Elimi- 
nating Unsightly Objects on Lots Without 
Offense to Lot Owners.” This address will 
be printed in full in an early issue of Park 
and Cemetery. 
REST HOUSE, OAKLAND CEMETERY, ST. PAUL. 
