EOOSIIOOANAS. 
l’?5 
porary, and dies with him. Each tribe has one or two chief warriors ; 
which dignity is also hereditary, and has a peculiar name attached 
to it. These are the only titles of distinction which are permanent 
in the nation, for although any Indian may, by superior talents either 
as a counsellor or as a warrior, acquire influence in the nation, yet 
it is not in his power to transmit this to his family. The Indians 
have also their great women, as well as their great men, to whose ap- 
pearance they pay great deference ; and this distinction is also here- 
ditary in families. They do not sit in council with the sachem, but 
have separate ones of their own. When war is declared, the sachems 
and great women generally give up the management of public alfairs 
to the hands of other warriors : but a sachem may at the same time 
be also a chief warrior. 
Miserable State of the People of Egypt. 
The ordinary dress of the Egyptians consists of a shirt of coarse 
blue linen, and a clumsy black cloak, with a sort of black bonnet over 
their heads ; and over all they wear a red woollen handkerchief. Their 
arms, legs, and breasts are naked, and most of them do not even wear 
drawers. They live in mud- walled huts of the most miserable con- 
struction, where they are exposed to the inconveniences of smoke, 
heat, and unwholesome air ; to ail which are to be added the conti- 
nual fear they live in of being robbed by the Arabs, oppressed by the 
Mamelukes, or some other grievous calamity. The only conversation 
is concerning the intestine troubles and misery of the country, mur- 
ders, bastinadoes, and executions. Here sentence of death is exe- 
cuted without the least delay, or even form of trial. The otficers who 
go the rounds in the streets, either by night or day, are attended by 
executioners, who carry along with them the leathern bags for receiv- 
ing the heads they cut off in their expeditions. Even the appearance 
of guilt is not necessary to infer a capital punishment, for frequently 
nothing more is requisite than their possession of wealth, or being 
supposed to possess it. In this case the unfortunate person is sum- 
moned before some bey ; and when he makes his appearance, a sum 
of money is demanded of him. If he denies that he possesses it, he 
is thrown on his back, and receives two or three hundred blows on the 
soles of his feet ; nay, perhaps is put to death without any ceremony. 
The only security, therefore, of those who possess any wealth, in this 
country, is to preserve as great an appearance of poverty as possible. 
Booshooanas. 
These are a tribe in the northern part of Africa, the capital of 
which, Leetahoo, contains, according to the estiniate of commissioners 
who visited it in 1781, between two and three thousand houses, and 
from ten to fifteen thousand people. They live almost upon vegeta- 
bles and milk, notwithstanding which, they are tall and athletic, and 
are principally shepherds : the women divide their time between 
agriculture and their family. The skins of the beasts they kill in 
hunting, are made up into shoes and cloaks. Their houses are cir- 
