AEROSTATIO^T. 
453 
were at the height of about three-quarters of a mile, the whole appa- 
ratus was in flames, and the unfortunate adventures fell to the ground, 
and were killed on the spot. 
On the nineteenth of July, Mr. Crosbie ascended at Dublin, with a 
view of crossing the channel to England. To a wicker basket of a 
circular form, which he had substituted for the boat, he had affixed a 
number of bladders, for the purpose of rendering his gallery buoyant in 
case of a disaster at sea. The height to which he ascended at one 
time was such, that by the intense cold his ink was frozen, and the 
mercury sunk into the ball of the thermometer. He himself was sick, 
and he felt a strong impression 0,11 the tympanum of his ears. At his 
utmost elevation he thought himself stationary, but on discharging 
some gas he descended to a very rough current of air, blowing to the 
north. He then entered a dense cloud, and experienced strong blasts 
of wind, with thunder and lightning, which brought him with rapidity 
towards the surface of the water. The water soon entered his car ; 
the force of the wind plunged him into the ocean, and it was with 
difficulty that he put on his cork jacket. The bladders which he 
had prepared were now found of great use. The water, added to his 
own weight, served as ballast; and the balloon maintaining its poise, 
answered the purpose of a sailing-boat. He was at length overtaken 
by some vessels that were crowding sail after him, and conveyed to 
Dunleary with the balloon. 
On the 22nd of July, Major Money, who ascended at Norwich, 
w^as driven out to sea, and, after having been blown about for two 
hours, he dropped into the water. After much exertion for preserv- 
ing his life, and when he was almost despairing of relief, he was 
taken up by a revenue cutter, in a state of extreme weakness ; having 
been struggling to keep himself above water for about seven hours. 
The longest journey that had been hitherto made was performed 
by M. Blanchard towards the end of August. He ascended at Lisle, 
accompanied by the Chevalier de L’Epinard, and traversed a distance 
of three hundred miles before they descended. On this, as well as 
on other occasions, Mr. Blanchard made trial of a parachute in the 
form of a large umbrella, which he contrived for breaking his fall in case 
of any accident. With this machine he let down a dog, which came 
to the ground gently and unhurt. On the 8th of September, Mr. 
Baldwin ascended from the city of Chester, and performed an aerial 
voyage of twenty-five miles in two hours and a quarter. His greatest 
elevation was about a mile and a half, and he supposes that the velo- 
city of his motion was sometimes at the rate of twenty miles an hour. 
He has published a circumstantial account of his voyage, described 
the appearances of the clouds as he passed through them, and an- 
nexed a variety of observations relating to aerostation. 
We shall next proceed to give an account of some aerostatic experi- 
ments performed in England by M. Garnerin, a French aeronaut. The 
first of these is remarkable for the very great velocity of its motion ; the 
second, for the exhibition of a mode of leaving the balloon, and of 
descending with safety to the ground. 
On the 30th of June, 1802, the wind being strong, though not im- 
petuous, M. Garnerin and another gentleman ascended, with an in- 
