BOOK* WORMS --“GOa AND MAGOG. 801 
seal. After him, queen Anne used the motto “ Semper eadem/' which 
had been before used by queen Elizabeth ; but ever since queen Anne; 
“ Dieu et mon Droit” has been the royal motto ; which is the more sur- 
prising, as the illustrious iiouse of Hanover never claimed or pretend- 
ed to hold the crown as Richard I. and the house of Stewart did,-— 
jure divino. 
Antidotes against Book Worms. 
The mixture of the juice of wormwood and other bitter ingre- 
dients in the paste, which is an expedient used by bookbinders, is 
no security to books against book-worms. The best security is from 
mineral salts, which all insects hate. For this purpose, bookbinders 
ought to mix with the paste employed in binding, the salt called 
arcanum duplicatum, alum, and vitriol. With this precaution, books 
may be preserved from all injury by this mischievous little creature. 
Mr. Prediger, in his instructions to German bookbinders, Leipsic, 
1741, recommends making paste of starch instead of flour, and ad- 
vises to powder slightly the hooks, their covers, and the shelves on 
which they stand, with a mixture of powder of alum and fine pep- 
per ; and in the months of March, July, and September, to rub the 
books with a piece of woollen cloth, steeped in powdered alum. 
Gog and Magog. 
These two names are generally joined together in scripture. 
Ezek. xxxviii. 2, 3, &c. xxxix. 1, 2, &c. Rev. xx. B. Moses speaks 
of Magog the son of Japhet, but says nothing of Gog, Gen. x. 2. 
1 Chron. i. 6. Gog was prince of Magog according to Ezekiel, 
Magog being the name of the country or people. The generality of 
the ancients made Magog the father of the Scythians and the Tar- 
tars ; and several interpreters discovered many footsteps of their 
name in the provinces of Great Tartary. Others supposed that the 
Persians were the descendants of Magog. Some have imagined that 
the Goths were descended from Gog and Magog, and that the wars 
described by Ezekiel, and undertaken by Gog against the saints, are 
those which the Goths carried on against the Roman empire, in the 
fifth century. Bochart has placed Gog in the country of Caucasus; 
he derives the name of this celebrated mountain from the Hebrew 
Gogchasan, “the fortress of Gog.” He maintains that Prometheus, 
said to be chained to Caucasus by Jupiter, is Gog, and no other. 
There is a province in Iberia, called the Gogarene. Most commen- 
tators think that Gog and Magog, mentioned in Ezekiel and the 
Revelation, are to be taken in an allegorical sense, for such princes 
as were enemies to the church and saints. Thus, many by Gog, in 
Ezekiel, understand Antiochus Epiphanes, and the persecutors of 
those Jews who w'ere found true to their religion ; and by those per- 
sons of the same name, in the Revelation, they suppose Antichrist to 
be meant, the great enemy of the church and faithful. Some have 
endeavoured to prove that Gog, spoken of in Ezekiel, means Cambyses 
king of Persia, Others, with more plausibility, think that Gog and 
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