THE HISTORY OF ANATOMICAL SCIENCE 293 
morphology (the very term ‘ morphology,’ in its 
technical sense, is his) were by no means so widely 
known to anatomists, or valued by them, as they 
ought to have been ; and it was long before their 
unquestionable merits were properly appreciated. 
The most brilliant and, at the same time, the 
soberest representative of the higher or ‘philo- 
sophical’ anatomy, Geoffroy St. Hilaire, seems, at 
first, to have known nothing of them. Like 
Goethe, he had studied mineralogy and botany 
before taking up anatomy and zoology ; an ex- 
cellentand most industrious observer, he was, at the 
same time, a man of high intellect and compre- 
hensive views. Intimately associated with young 
Geoffroy, and only a couple of years older, was 
Cuvier, one of the most remarkable Intelligences 
of his own or any time. And when these energetic 
allies turned their attention to vertebrate anatomy, 
in 1 794-5, itwas impossible that the facts which had 
impressed Goethe should fail to lead minds such 
as theirs towards ideas of the same order. But, 
the minds of the two having a widely different 
commixture of qualities, the way in which they 
dealt with the same objective material presented 
corresponding differences; and these differences 
went on widening until, thirty-five years later, 
these two bosom friends became the antagonists 
in the most famous of all scientific duels. 
However, during the earlier part of his career, 
I doubt if Cuvier would have categorically denied 
