Ocean and a tabular listing of the Ant- 
arctic and sub-Antarctic pelagic cope- 
pgds. Rogick’s paper on Antarctic Bryo- 
zoa is a timely extension, up to 1962, 
of the distribution of Antarctic bryo- 
zoans beyond Cushing's very complete 
review (1943) on the ‘'Discovery” col- 
lections. Rogick includes a table of 
bryozoologists and the sources of their 
collections; she has, in addition, care- 
fully assembled bathymetrical and areal 
distribution tables. Her 12 pages of 
text are documented by a bibliography 
of 30 references. Rogick laments the 
dearth of ecologic information on Ant- 
arctic species and recommends the ex- 
amination of existing collections of 
Antarctic mollusks, crabs, echinoderms, 
and the like, for additional new spe- 
cies, or for information on new dis- 
tribution records. Marv D. Rogick died 
24 October 1964; she was known as 
a most careful worker, an outstand- 
ing contributor to the study of the 
Bryozoa, and an artist in her own 
right. 
Chapters 13 through 19 are on the 
terrestrial invertebrate fauna of Ant- 
arctica. In the first, Dalenius, an au- 
thority on the Acarina, provides a 
comparatively long and informative ac- 
count on the systematics and distribu- 
tion of the free-living and parasitic 
mites, including the marine species. In 
another entomological treatise Gressitt 
includes all the land arthropods and 
Insecta and many valuable and inter- 
esting field notes. The emphasis is large- 
ly ecological, with a wealth of geo- 
graphical details and good notes on 
distribution. Gressitt also prepared a 
number of maps that show ranges of 
genera and species in the sub-Ant- 
arctic islands, and a table to the south- 
ernmost representation of insects by 
families. 
Andriashev. in a comprehensive and 
authoritative review of the composition 
and distribution of the Antarctic fish 
fauna, deals principally with bathypela- 
gic fish (“Little is known of the abys- 
sal fishes of the Antarctic”) and with 
the biological peculiarities and cold 
adaptation of various members of the 
Antarctic fauna. There is a short sec- 
tion on white-bloodedness of chacnich- 
thyid fishes. Andriashev states that So- 
viet research on Antarctic fishes be- 
gan in 1956. when the first extensive 
collections were made by biologists on 
the Shiv'a , a Soviet whaling factory 
ship. He adds that, since that time, 
the principal collections have been 
made bv the Oh in her annual cruises 
y 
to Antarctica. The collections are quite 
large, and it appears that the Soviet 
ichthyologists have reported on their 
materials in a remarkably prompt man- 
ner. Such interest in the fish fauna of 
the Antarctic regions is in perfect agree- 
ment with the persistent aim of So- 
viet oceanography to seek out knowl- 
edge, both commercial and scientific, 
of the marine resources of all oceans. 
Chapters 16 and 17 are devoted to 
the birds of the Antarctic. The first of 
these, by Prevost and Sapin- Jaloustre, 
is in French, and it represents the long- 
est and most copiously illustrated paper 
(97 pages) in the volume. The illustra- 
tions consist of 36 photographs and 
numerous figures that give climatic, 
physiologic, and related data. The chap- 
ter deals almost exclusively with the 
true Antarctic penguins, the Adelie and 
emperor. “Antarctic birds.” a chapter 
by Voous, is “. . . devoted to land 
birds,” but these again are predomi- 
nantly oceanic species. It is a sys- 
tematic account of the various species, 
with notes on their migration, nesting 
sites, geographical distribution, breed- 
ing seasons, and feeding habits, and 
other background information, collated 
largely from the literature. 
In the last chapter Ove Wilson dis- 
cusses human ecology. Wilson is well 
qualified to write on the subject, be- 
cause he was the medical officer on 
the Norwegian-British-Swcdish Antarc- 
tic Expedition of 1949-1952, which 
served as a pre-IGY example for in- 
ternational cooperation. He gives us a 
careful and thorough review of just 
about all phases of the medical, psy- 
chiatric, and sociological factors that 
affect man in the Antarctic. These sub- 
ject areas have been ingeniously 
brought out in the bibliography by ar- 
ranging a total of 224 references under 
nine subheadings. The most astonish- 
ing facts brought out are that, despite 
certain anecdotal and empirical obser- 
vations, there is no convincing demon- 
stration that a definite physiological 
process of acclimatization takes place 
in a man who resides in Antarctica, 
and that the processes of reacclimatiz- 
ing winter personnel after they have 
returned from the “White Continent" 
have not been investigated. 
o 
Biogeography and Ecology in Ant- 
arctica had its inception more than 
3 years ago. Difficulties are ap- 
parent, most of which seem to stem 
from lack of strong or clear editorial 
control. For example, there does not 
appear to have been a proper exchange 
of outlines or of authors' lists among 
the collaborators: this may explain the 
regrettably patchy nature of the vol- 
ume. Duplications and omissions could 
perhaps have been avoided, if those 
who work in closely related disciplines 
had been given an opportunity to re- 
view' their colleagues' reports. There 
are a number of typographical errors 
and an uncertain use of English equiva- 
lents to which the reader can easily ad- 
just — for example, the° use of the 
French term plancton. The index lacks 
detail; separate indices to authors and 
scientific names would have been very 
useful. The endpapers might have been 
utilized to carry maps of Antarctica 
and a list of geograpical regions. 
Despite these incidents attending its 
birth, the excellence of a few, and the 
reference qualities of the majority of 
the contributed papers will rate this 
volume high in the estimation of all 
serious students of Antarctic biology. 
George A. Llano 
Office of Antarctic Programs, 
National Science Foundation 
Culture 
Proceedings of an International Con- 
ference on Plant Tissue Culture (Mc- 
Cutchan, Berkeley, Calif., 1965. 579 pp., 
$12.50) is a record of the conference 
which was sponsored jointly by NATO 
and Pennsylvania State University and 
held from 28 May to 1 June 1963 at 
the Nittany Lion Inn, University Park, 
Pennsylvania. The Proceedings were 
edited by P. R. White and A. R. Grove 
and published (by offset printing) jointly 
by the American Institute of Biological 
Sciences and McCutchan. 
The conference, which was modeled 
after the “Decennial Review Conference 
on Tissue Culture” (Woodstock, Ver- 
mont, 1956), was called to give at- 
tention to the many aspects of the field 
as well as to gather the many research 
workers scattered throughout the world 
who are utilizing tissue cultures as a re- 
search tool. Although the table of con- 
tents does not clearly show it, the 44 
contributions were presented at eight 
sessions, anil each session was followed 
by discussion. Efforts to make the con- 
ference international are apparent from 
the list of contributors. T he articles ran 
from comprehensive ones with extensive 
bibliography to brief reports of activity 
within an investigator's laboratory. The 
following general areas are covered: 
cel!, tissue, and organ nutrition: metab- 
olism; histogenesis; morphogenesis; sin- 
gle-cell culture: genetics; cytology; and 
18 FEBRUARY 1966 
813 
