allen's naturalist’s library. 
t le lower back and rump ■ wing-coverts and quills blackish- 
b'own, with rufous edges; head greenish-olive; lores yellowish; 
throat k? f- leeks paIe sul P hur_ yellow, separated from the 
oat by a distinct moustachial streak of dusky greenish olive • 
Under su rf a ce of body cinnamon ; throat olive-yellow, the chest 
more ashy ; no streaks on the chest or the sides of the body ; bill 
entirely red. I otal length, 6 inches ; culmen, 0-5 ; wing^ r 3 t- ■ 
tail, 2-5; tarsus, 075. 5 ’ 3 ° 5 ’ 
Adult Female.— -Similar to the male, but paler in colour, the 
ower throat and fore-neck streaked with dark brown. Total 
length, 5-8 inches; wing, 3-2. 
Young.— Like the adult female, but yellower below, without 
any tinge of fawn-colour ; the throat, breast, and sides of body 
streaked with dark brown. y 
Range in Great Britain.— An occasional visitor, of which many 
specimens have been taken at different times. 
Range outside the British Islands. — Generally distributed over 
Europe, but mostly as a summer visitor. It occurs as far east 
as Central Asia, and the Altai Mountains, and its northern 
range reaches to the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia and to lat 
57 in the Ural Mountains. Its winter home is supposed to 
be Northern and North-eastern Africa, but little is redly 
known about it, which is not a little curious, considering the 
number of the birds which come north to breed. 
Hahits.— A late arrival in the north of Europe, reaching its 
breeding haunts in the middle of May. It is not shv accord 
ing to Mr. Seebohm, who says : “ It frequently remains for a 
very long time on the same twig, generally near the top of the 
tree, especially in the evening, when its simple song harmonises 
with the melancholy stillness of the outskirts of the country 
village. The song bed ns something like that of the Yellow 
Hunting, but ends quite differently. It may be roughly ex- 
pressed by the words, ‘ tsee-ah, tsee-ah, tseeah, iyur-tyur.' 
Sometimes there is only one ‘tvur’ at the end. It seeks 
most of its food on the ground, where it hops with great ease 
and probably picks up small seeds and insects of various kinds.” 
Nest.— On the ground ; formed of roots and dry grass, and 
lined with fine roots and hair. 
